AGGIORNAMENTO SCIENTIFICO IN TEMPO REALE FORNITO DA:
- Targeting motor cortex high-excitability states defined by functional connectivity with real-time EEG-TMSby David Emanuel Vetter on 26 Novembre 2023
We tested previous post-hoc findings indicating a relationship between functional connectivity (FC) in the motor network and corticospinal excitability (CsE), in a real-time EEG-TMS experiment in healthy participants. We hypothesized that high FC between left and right motor cortex predicts high CsE. FC was quantified in real-time by single-trial phase-locking value (stPLV), and TMS single pulses were delivered based on the current FC. CsE was indexed by motor-evoked potential (MEP) amplitude in...
- Exploring Neurophysiological Mechanisms and Treatment Efficacies in Laryngeal Dystonia: A Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Approachby Maja Rogić Vidaković on 25 Novembre 2023
Laryngeal dystonia (LD), known or termed as spasmodic dysphonia, is a rare movement disorder with an unknown cause affecting the intrinsic laryngeal muscles. Neurophysiological studies point to perturbed inhibitory processes, while conventional genetic studies reveal fragments of genetic architecture in LD. The study's aims are to (1) describe transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) methodology for studying the functional integrity of the corticospinal tract by stimulating the primary motor...
- Non-Invasive Systems Application in Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitationby Livia Livinț Popa on 25 Novembre 2023
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant public health concern, often leading to long-lasting impairments in cognitive, motor and sensory functions. The rapid development of non-invasive systems has revolutionized the field of TBI rehabilitation by offering modern and effective interventions. This narrative review explores the application of non-invasive technologies, including electroencephalography (EEG), quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG), brain-computer interface (BCI), eye...
- Alterations in Brain Activity Induced by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Their Relation to Decision Makingby Lexie Lawson on 24 Novembre 2023
Understanding the intricate dynamics between conscious choice and neural processes is crucial for unraveling the complexity of human decision-making. This study investigates the effects of inhibitory Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) on choice bias, shedding light on the malleability of cognitive-motor functions involved in decisions. While reaction times remained unaffected, inhibitory TMS to either the left or right motor cortex led to a significant bias in screen side preference during...
- A posterior-alpha ageing network is differentially associated with antidepressant effects of venlafaxine and rTMSby Hannah Meijs on 24 Novembre 2023
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly prevalent psychiatric disorder, but chances for remission largely decrease with each failed treatment attempt. It is therefore desirable to assign a given patient to the most promising individual treatment option as early as possible. We used a polygenic score (PGS) informed electroencephalography (EEG) data-driven approach to identify potential predictors for MDD treatment outcome. Post-hoc we conducted exploratory analyses in order to understand the...
- Reduced executive and reward connectivity is associated with smoking cessation response to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation: A double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trialby Xingbao Li on 23 Novembre 2023
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) can reduce cue-elicited craving, decrease cigarette consumption, and increase the abstinence rate in tobacco use disorders (TUDs). We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the effect of 10 sessions of rTMS on cortical activity and neural networks in treatment-seeking smokers. Smoking cue exposure fMRI scans were acquired before and after the 10 sessions of active or sham rTMS (10 Hz, 3000 pulses per session) to the...
- Inhibition of Cyclophilin A-Metalloproteinase-9 Pathway Alleviates the Development of Neuropathic Pain by Promoting Repair of the Blood-Spinal Cord Barrierby Yu Wang on 27 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, the CypA-MMP9 signaling pathway is responsible for CCI-induced NP in mice by impairing the structure and function of the BSCB, and activating microglia and inflammatory responses.
- The Use of Ketamine for Malignant and Nonmalignant Chronic Pain in Children: A Review of Current Evidenceby Khaled AlGhamdi on 27 Novembre 2023
Chronic pain in children continues to pose significant challenges. The pharmacological approach most often revolves around trials and errors, expert opinions, and extrapolation of adult study findings. Ketamine is one of the agents used for chronic pain, especially with a neuropathic component. This article aims to provide an overview of its properties and highlight the current evidence for its use in malignant and nonmalignant chronic pain management. A search on the use of ketamine for chronic...
- Obstructive sleep apnea increases the risk of herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgiaby Chih-An Wang on 27 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSION: OSA increases the risk of not only HZ but also PHN. Therefore, patients with OSA should be aware of the potential effect of the disease on their stress levels, as well as the increased risk of developing HZ and PHN.
- Exercise Therapy for Chronic Neck Pain: Tailoring Person-Centred Approaches within Contemporary Managementby Rutger M J de Zoete on 25 Novembre 2023
Exercise therapy is considered the best evidence-based approach for managing chronic neck pain. However, the implementation of exercise therapy presents several challenges. Systematic reviews indicate that it has modest effectiveness, while clinical practice guidelines offer limited guidance on the exercise parameters required to optimise clinical outcomes. Moreover, recommendations often fail to differentiate between different types of neck pain. This article addresses the challenges associated...
- Microbiota-Accessible Boron-Containing Compounds in Complex Regional Pain Syndromeby Cristina Elena Biţă on 25 Novembre 2023
The microbiota-gut-brain axis has garnered increasing attention in recent years for its role in various health conditions, including neuroinflammatory disorders like complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). CRPS is a debilitating condition characterized by chronic neuropathic pain, and its etiology and pathophysiology remain elusive. Emerging research suggests that alterations in the gut microbiota composition and function could play a significant role in CRPS development and progression. Our...
- Advances in Neuropathic Pain Research: Selected Intracellular Factors as Potential Targets for Multidirectional Analgesicsby Katarzyna Ciapała on 25 Novembre 2023
Neuropathic pain is a complex and debilitating condition that affects millions of people worldwide. Unlike acute pain, which is short-term and starts suddenly in response to an injury, neuropathic pain arises from somatosensory nervous system damage or disease, is usually chronic, and makes every day functioning difficult, substantially reducing quality of life. The main reason for the lack of effective pharmacotherapies for neuropathic pain is its diverse etiology and the complex, still poorly...
- The impact of COVID-19 on a college freshman sample reveals genetic and nongenetic forms of susceptibility and resilience to stressby Cortney A Turner on 27 Novembre 2023
Using a longitudinal approach, we sought to define the interplay between genetic and nongenetic factors in shaping vulnerability or resilience to COVID-19 pandemic stress, as indexed by the emergence of symptoms of depression and/or anxiety. University of Michigan freshmen were characterized at baseline using multiple psychological instruments. Subjects were genotyped, and a polygenic risk score for depression (MDD-PRS) was calculated. Daily physical activity and sleep were captured. Subjects...
- Childhood unpredictability and the development of explorationby Yuyan Xu on 27 Novembre 2023
Early in development, the process of exploration helps children gather new information that fosters learning about the world. Yet, it is unclear how childhood experiences may influence the way humans approach new learning. What influences decisions to exploit known, familiar options versus trying a novel alternative? We found that childhood unpredictability, characterized by unpredictable caregiving and unstable living environments, was associated with reduced exploratory behavior. This effect...
- TET2 deficiency promotes anxiety and depression-like behaviors by activating NLRP3/IL-1β pathway in microglia of allergic rhinitis miceby Ziang Gao on 27 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSION: TET2 deficiency activates the NLRP3/IL-1β pathway of microglia in the ACC, promoting the pathological process of anxiety and depression-like behavior in AR. Metformin could be effective in treating neuroinflammation by regulating microglia via TET2 up-regulation, indicating that metformin is a potential way to treat anxiety and depression-like behaviors in AR.
- Social stress induces autoimmune responses against the brainby Yusuke Shimo on 27 Novembre 2023
Clinical studies have revealed a high comorbidity between autoimmune diseases and psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the mechanisms connecting autoimmunity and depression remain unclear. Here, we aim to identify the processes by which stress impacts the adaptive immune system and the implications of such responses to depression. To examine this relationship, we analyzed antibody responses and autoimmunity in the chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) model in...
- Catastrophizing Maladaptive Coping Affects the Association Between Viral Anxiety and Fear of Progression in Cancer Patients During COVID-19 Pandemicby Hyuk Joo Lee on 27 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSION: Fear of progression in cancer patients was associated with viral anxiety, depression, and maladaptive coping techniques, such as catastrophizing, during the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Effect of Tuina Combined with Chinese Herbal Compress on Primary Dysmenorrhea with Cold Coagulation and Blood Stasis Syndrome: A Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trialby Paphawarin Asawadethmetakul on 27 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSION: This study will be the first RCT that will entail the combination of Tuina and Chinese herbal compresses to treat PD in the category of cold coagulation and blood stasis syndrome. If the results demonstrate that Tuina combined with a Chinese herbal compress is effective, we posit that this study will provide evidence-based references for a potential alternative treatment to treat PD in the future.
- Comparative efficacy of multiple non-pharmacological interventions for behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia: A network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trialsby Zihan Yin on 27 Novembre 2023
Non-pharmacological interventions can improve the behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). However, the optimal non-pharmacological treatments remain controversial. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of multiple non-pharmacological methods and identify the optimal therapy for BPSD. Potential randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were searched and selected from 15 databases and sources from the inception of the databases until 1 October 2022. Two independent authors...
- Meditation-Based Lifestyle Modification in Mild-to-Moderate Depression: Outcomes and Moderation Effects of Spiritualityby Holger C Bringmann on 27 Novembre 2023
Objective: Understanding the relevance of religion or spirituality (R/S) in the treatment of mental disorders is central to clinical and academic psychiatry. In this secondary analysis, associations of R/S with depression were investigated with respect to a new second-generation mindfulness-based intervention, the Meditation-Based Lifestyle Modification (MBLM) program. Methods: Different aspects of spirituality, spiritual coping, and spiritual engagement were assessed in 81 patients with a...
- Cryptotanshinone regulates gut microbiota and PI3K-AKT pathway in rats to alleviate CUMS induced depressive symptomsby Li-Hua Bian on 27 Novembre 2023
Cryptotanshinone (CPT), a bioactive compound derived from the traditional Chinese herb Salvia miltiorrhiza, exhibits promising antidepressant properties. Employing a rat model subjected to Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress (CUMS), behavioral analyses (open field experiment, elevated cross maze experiment, sugar water preference experiment, forced swimming experiment) and inflammatory factor assessments were conducted to assess the efficacy of CPT in alleviating depressive symptoms and...
- TET2 deficiency promotes anxiety and depression-like behaviors by activating NLRP3/IL-1β pathway in microglia of allergic rhinitis miceby Ziang Gao on 27 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSION: TET2 deficiency activates the NLRP3/IL-1β pathway of microglia in the ACC, promoting the pathological process of anxiety and depression-like behavior in AR. Metformin could be effective in treating neuroinflammation by regulating microglia via TET2 up-regulation, indicating that metformin is a potential way to treat anxiety and depression-like behaviors in AR.
- Catastrophizing Maladaptive Coping Affects the Association Between Viral Anxiety and Fear of Progression in Cancer Patients During COVID-19 Pandemicby Hyuk Joo Lee on 27 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSION: Fear of progression in cancer patients was associated with viral anxiety, depression, and maladaptive coping techniques, such as catastrophizing, during the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Effect of Tuina Combined with Chinese Herbal Compress on Primary Dysmenorrhea with Cold Coagulation and Blood Stasis Syndrome: A Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trialby Paphawarin Asawadethmetakul on 27 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSION: This study will be the first RCT that will entail the combination of Tuina and Chinese herbal compresses to treat PD in the category of cold coagulation and blood stasis syndrome. If the results demonstrate that Tuina combined with a Chinese herbal compress is effective, we posit that this study will provide evidence-based references for a potential alternative treatment to treat PD in the future.
- Adolescent Neurodevelopment Within the Context of Impulsivity and Substance Useby ReJoyce Green on 27 Novembre 2023
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The aim of the present review is to provide an update on recent studies examining adolescent neurodevelopment in the context of impulsivity and substance use. We provide a review of the neurodevelopmental changes in brain structure and function related to impulsivity, substance use, and their intersection.
- Understanding the research capacity of alcohol and other drugs services in New South Wales, Australiaby Robert Stirling on 27 Novembre 2023
INTRODUCTION: Enhancing health system research capacity can support improved quality care. This study assessed the research capacity of public local health district (LHD) and non-government organisation (NGO) alcohol and other drug (AOD) services, at the organisational, team and individual level. Research barriers and motivators were also examined.
- Suicide Attempts in an Italian Population with Cannabis Use Disorders: Results of a Follow-Up Studyby Raimondo Maria Pavarin on 27 Novembre 2023
The relationship between cannabis use and suicidal behavior is complex, with no consensus in the literature. We used electronic health records of national health services to identify individuals who received a diagnosis of Cannabis Use Disorder in the Metropolitan area of Bologna from 2009 to 2019. In this cohort we identified accesses to Emergency Departments for suicide attempts from 2009 to 2019. The Crude Suicide Rate for 1,000 Person Years was 2.5, higher in females, in patients with...
- Evaluation of Community Reinforcement and Family Therapy in the UK military communityby Bethany Croak on 27 Novembre 2023
Background: Partners and family can play a key role in encouraging military service and ex-service personnel to seek help for their mental health. Community Reinforcement Approach and Family Training (CRAFT) was developed to equip concerned significant others (CSOs) of those experiencing substance use disorders with skills to encourage their loved one to enter treatment and improve their own well-being. It was adapted in the US for CSOs of ex-service personnel with post-traumatic stress disorder...
- It takes more than rainbows: Supporting sexual and gender minority patients with trauma-informed cancer careby Laura Sinko on 27 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Integrating TIC principles into cancer care for SGM populations is crucial to address disparities in treatment and clinical outcomes. Our recommendations offer practical approaches for oncology teams to implement TIC care and ensure equitable and inclusive cancer care for patients and their families.
- Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Microglial Activation in Patients with Alzheimer Diseaseby Cristiano Schaffer Aguzzoli on 27 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this cross-sectional study of 109 individuals across the AD continuum, microglial activation was associated with and a potential biomarker of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer disease. Moreover, our findings suggest that the combination of amyloid-β- and microglia-targeted therapies could have an impact on relieving these symptoms.
- Comparison of three magnetic resonance imaging measures of brain iron in healthy and cocaine use disorder participantsby Joshua Voltin on 27 Novembre 2023
Several magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures for quantifying endogenous nonheme brain iron have been proposed. These correspond to distinct physical properties with varying sensitivities and specificities to iron. Moreover, they may depend not only on tissue iron concentration, but also on the intravoxel spatial pattern of iron deposition, which is complex in many brain regions. Here, the three MRI brain iron measures of R 2 * $$ {R}_2^{\ast } $$ , magnetic field correlation (MFC), and...
- Opioid-related deaths and their counterpart by occurrence-era, age-group and co-implicated drugs: Scotland versus England and Walesby Sheila M Bird on 27 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSION: Drug-testing to inform users, shared intelligence between police and public health for earlier detection of changes in supply and monitoring of prescribed daily-dose of methadone are urgent.
- Initial Treatment of Cerebral Hemorrhage:Determining the Cause without Preconceived Notionsby Mitsunobu Nakamura on 27 Novembre 2023
In Japan, cerebral hemorrhage accounts for 19.5% of stroke patients, and its prognosis is poorer than that of cerebral infarction, with a mortality rate of 14.6%. In the initial treatment of cerebral hemorrhage, the airway, respiration, and circulation should be stabilized, and the intracranial pressure and body temperature should be controlled. Hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage is the most common cause; however, the cause should be carefully examined, and the treatment method should be selected...
- Microglia: The new player orchestrating cocaine-induced expression of calcium-permeable AMPA receptorsby Eisuke Koya on 26 Novembre 2023
No abstract
- Investigating the Influence of Morphine and Cocaine on the Mesolimbic Pathway Using a Novel Microimaging Platformby Austin Ganaway on 25 Novembre 2023
Dopamine (DA)'s relationship with addiction is complex, and the related pathways in the mesocorticolimbic system are used to deliver DA, regulating both behavioral and perceptual actions. Specifically, the mesolimbic pathway connecting the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and the nucleus accumbens (NAc) is crucial in regulating memory, emotion, motivation, and behavior due to its responsibility to modulate dopamine. To better investigate the relationship between DA and addiction, more advanced...
- Reactive Oxygen Species Mediate Transcriptional Responses to Dopamine and Cocaine in Human Cerebral Organoidsby Thomas T Rudibaugh on 25 Novembre 2023
Dopamine signaling in the adult ventral forebrain regulates behavior, stress response, and memory formation and in neurodevelopment regulates neural differentiation and cell migration. Excessive dopamine levels, including those due to cocaine use in utero and in adults, could lead to long-term adverse consequences. The mechanisms underlying both homeostatic and pathological changes remain unclear, in part due to the diverse cellular responses elicited by dopamine and the reliance on animal...
- Stability of executive function in children born at risk of neonatal hypoglycemiaby Darren W T Dai on 27 Novembre 2023
Executive function plays an important role in promoting learning and social-emotional development in children. Neonatal hypoglycemia associates with executive function difficulties at 4.5 years, but little is known about the development of executive function over time in children born at risk of neonatal hypoglycemia. We aimed to describe the stability of executive function from early to mid-childhood in children born at risk of neonatal hypoglycemia and its association with neonatal...
- Effect of the NFL's Super Bowl on emergency department visits for assault-related injuriesby Bharti Khurana on 27 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSION: Contrary to expectations, SB was not associated with increased assault-related injuries. This study underscores the need for year-round structural changes in addressing violence rather than relying solely on heightened awareness during specific events.
- Risk Behaviors among Migrant Adolescents in Italyby Emanuele Koumantakis on 25 Novembre 2023
Adolescence is a critical period for engaging in health risk behaviors. Migrant adolescents may face unique challenges due to acculturation stress. This study aims to monitor substance use and problem gambling among migrant adolescents living in Italy. Data from the 2017/18 Health Behavior in School-Aged Children survey in Italy were analyzed. The 18,794 participants included 15-year-olds, categorized as native or migrants, with ethnic backgrounds from Western, Eastern European, or...
- Frequency of Impulsive-Compulsive Behavior and Associated Psychological Factors in Parkinson's Disease: Lack of Control or Too Much of It?by Alexandros Kapsomenakis on 25 Novembre 2023
Background and Objectives: Impulse Control Disorders (ICDs) including pathological gambling, hypersexuality, compulsive eating, compulsive buying, and other related behaviors are well-known distinct non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's Disease (PD). Some large-scale studies present a prevalence of at least 10%, however, there are other reports providing much higher rates. The majority of the conducted studies investigating ICDs focus mainly on pharmacological factors, however, from a psychological...
- The Role of Polyphenolic Antioxidants from Tea and Rosemary in the Hydroxyl Radical Oxidation of N-Acetyl Alanineby Nikolaos Vagkidis on 25 Novembre 2023
In dead biological tissues such as human hair, the ability of antioxidants to minimise autoxidation is determined by their chemical reactions with reactive oxygen species. In order to improve our understanding of factors determining such antioxidant properties, the mechanistic chemistry of four phenolic antioxidants found in tea and rosemary extracts (epicatechin, epigallocatechin gallate, rosmarinic and carnosic acids) has been investigated. The degradation of N-acetyl alanine by...
- A high-dose, depigmented polymerized birch pollen extract for subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy has a favourable efficacy/safety ratioby Oliver Pfaar on 25 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSION: Judging by the results of a CPT, the efficacy/safety ratio in SCIT appears to be favourable for a high-dose-level preparation of a DPP birch pollen extract.
- Elevated interoceptive deficits in individuals with eating disorders and self-injurious thoughts and behaviors: A replication and extensionby Elizabeth A Velkoff on 27 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSION: Among those with EDs, interoceptive deficits are elevated among those with concurrent SITBs. Interventions aimed at improving interoception may reduce the risk for SITBs.
- Cardiac interoception in Anorexia Nervosa: A resting-state heartbeat-evoked potential studyby Susanne Cambi on 27 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study using hdEEG to localise the underlying sources of HEPs in AN. Results point to altered interoceptive processing during resting-state in AN. As our participants had a short duration of illness, this might not be the consequence of prolonged starvation. Interventions targeted at interoception could provide an additional tool to facilitate recovery.
- Moderators of treatment effect in a randomised controlled trial of single- and multi-family therapy for anorexia nervosa in adolescents and emerging adultsby Julian Baudinet on 27 Novembre 2023
INTRODUCTION: Multi-family therapy for anorexia nervosa (MFT-AN) is a novel, group-based intervention that intensifies single-family therapy for anorexia nervosa (FT-AN), with the aim of improving outcomes. The current study explored treatment moderators in a randomised controlled trial (N = 167) of FT-AN and MFT-AN for young people (adolescents/emerging adults aged 13-20 years) with anorexia nervosa.
- Prospective reciprocal relations between social support and eating disorder symptomsby May Stern on 27 Novembre 2023
Prospective studies have found inconsistent relations between social support deficits and future increases in eating disorder symptoms. Furthermore, no prospective study has tested whether elevated eating disorder symptoms predict a future erosion of social support. Accordingly, the current study investigated the prospective reciprocal relations between perceived social support from both parents and peers and eating disorder symptoms in adolescent girls. In this study, 496 adolescent girls...
- Feasibility and acceptability of comprehensive virtual treatment in eating disorders: perspectives from patients, parents and therapists during the COVID-19 pandemicby Maritza Rodríguez Guarin on 26 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: Adaptation to a virtual program is a valid and useful option during lockdowns. It improves family participation, but does not replace face-to-face treatment.
- Food Intake and Sleep Disorders in Children and Adolescents with Obesityby Valeria Calcaterra on 25 Novembre 2023
Over the last few decades, numerous scientific studies have investigated the possible association between sleep duration and adiposity during childhood, since it has been reported that sleep deprivation causes a related increase in caloric intake. Even though the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms are still under study and not completely known, the effect of dietetic habits and nutrient intake on sleep quality and patterns has been reported. The aim of this study is to explore the intricate...
- Efficacy and safety of 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonists in augmentation with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in the treatment of moderate to severe obsessive-compulsive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trialsby Negin Eissazade on 27 Novembre 2023
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is the fourth most common mental disorder, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the cornerstone of its pharmacological treatment. About 40-60% of the cases are treatment-refractory, and this makes searching for second-line treatment necessary. 5-Hydroxytryptamine-3 (5-HT3) antagonists are among the many medications that have been used in augmentation with SSRIs. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we assessed the efficacy and safety...
- Altered brain functional network topology in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A comparison of patients with varying severity of depressive symptoms and the impact on psychosocial functioningby Zhihan Xu on 25 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that the presence of depressive symptoms generally exacerbated psychosocial functioning impairment in OCD patients. Abnormalities in the functional integration of the entire brain, the DMN, and the CON in OCD patients may comprise the basis of cognitive deficits, while dysfunction of the right STG may affect the psychosocial functioning through its role in emotion, intention perception, and insight.
- Neuroablative Intervention for Refractory Obsessive-Compulsive Disorderby Jhin Goo Chang on 24 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSION: Neuroablative intervention shows promise for refractory OCD, but vigilant consideration is essential in both patient selection and surgical method choices due to the potential for rare yet serious complications.
- Dorsal striatal functional connectivity and repetitive behaviour dimensions in children and youth with neurodevelopmental disordersby Eun Jung Choi on 24 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: These findings confirmed high heterogeneity and overlapping behavioural manifestations in NDDs and their complex underlying neural mechanisms. A call for diagnosis-free symptom measures that can capture not only observable symptoms and severity across NDDs but also the underlying functions and motivations of such behaviours across diagnoses is needed.
- Disgust-reduction evaluative conditioning (DREC) and brain stimulation in patients with contamination-based obsessive-compulsive disorder: a protocol for a randomized control trialby Faezeh Raeis Al Mohaddesin on 24 Novembre 2023
BACKGROUND: The negative emotional valence of a stimulus can be altered if paired with a pleasant stimulus, a phenomenon referred to as evaluative conditioning. Disgust, as a central emotion in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), particularly in the contamination subtype, may be an appropriate target for such a method. We know that disgust processing and OCD pathophysiology share in some brain areas, including the orbitofrontal cortex, as the neuromodulation techniques targeted in this area...
- Association of cortical gyrification, white matter microstructure, and phenotypic profile in medication-naïve obsessive-compulsive disorderby Jianyu Li on 23 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated associations among increased LGI, aberrant white matter geometry, and higher anxiety in patients with OCD. Our findings indicate that developmental dysconnectivity-driven alterations in cortical folding are one of the neural substrates underlying the clinical manifestations of OCD.
- Complicated grief and posttraumatic stress after loss and separation under terror conditionsby Philipp Jann on 27 Novembre 2023
The lives of people in conflict areas are often characterized by the experience of traumatic events frequently accompanied by loss and separation. These can equally trigger symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complicated grief (CG). The aim of the present study was to investigate whether affected individuals could be assigned to distinct classes at symptom-cluster levels of these two disorders. Moreover, we aimed to identify event-related and sociodemographic predictors...
- Evaluation of Community Reinforcement and Family Therapy in the UK military communityby Bethany Croak on 27 Novembre 2023
Background: Partners and family can play a key role in encouraging military service and ex-service personnel to seek help for their mental health. Community Reinforcement Approach and Family Training (CRAFT) was developed to equip concerned significant others (CSOs) of those experiencing substance use disorders with skills to encourage their loved one to enter treatment and improve their own well-being. It was adapted in the US for CSOs of ex-service personnel with post-traumatic stress disorder...
- Treating posttraumatic stress disorder and alcohol use disorder comorbidity: Current pharmacological therapies and the future of MDMA-integrated psychotherapyby Brian J Gully on 27 Novembre 2023
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) frequently co-occur in patients who have experienced trauma. This comorbidity leads to a vicious cycle where PTSD symptoms beget heavy drinking and vice versa. There are no FDA-approved medications to treat PTSD-AUD; therefore, individuals suffering from this comorbidity are treated with medication approved to treat the disorders separately or with off-label pharmacological interventions. However, these medications are limited...
- Prevalence of Sexual Violence and Intimate Partner Violence Among US Military Veterans: Findings from Surveys with Two National Samplesby Katherine M Iverson on 27 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: Understanding veterans' experiences of SV and IPV can inform identification and intervention efforts, especially for women and sexual minorities.
- Using the Personalized Advantage Index to determine which veterans may benefit from more vs. less comprehensive intensive PTSD treatment programsby Philip Held on 27 Novembre 2023
Background: Intensive PTSD treatment programs (ITPs) are highly effective but tend to differ greatly in length and the number of adjunctive services that are provided in conjunction with evidence-based PTSD treatments. Individuals' treatment response to more or less comprehensive ITPs is poorly understood.Objective: To apply a machine learning-based decision-making model (the Personalized Advantage Index (PAI)), using clinical and demographic factors to predict response to more or less...
- The development and initial validation of the Trauma-Related Alcohol Use Coping Measure (TRAC)by Antoine Lebeaut on 27 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the TRAC measure can be used to assess the extent to which alcohol use is related to coping with PTSD symptoms. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
- Motor Cortex Inhibition and Facilitation Correlates with Fibromyalgia Compensatory Mechanisms and Pain: A Cross-Sectional Studyby Kevin Pacheco-Barrios on 28 Giugno 2023
The role of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) measures as biomarkers of fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) phenotypes is still unclear. We aimed to determine the clinical correlates of TMS measures in FMS patients. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis that included 58 patients. We performed standardized TMS assessments, including resting motor threshold (MT), motor-evoked potential (MEP), short intracortical inhibition (SICI), and intracortical facilitation (ICF). Sociodemographic, clinical...
- Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with fibromyalgia. A systematic reviewby Á Conde-Antón on 9 Aprile 2023
CONCLUSIONS: The application of tDCS to the motor cortex is the only intervention shown to decrease pain in the short and medium-term in patients with FM. The application of both interventions showed improvements in PPT, catastrophising and quality of life when applied to the motor cortex, and in fatigue when applied to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The effects of these interventions on anxiety and depression are unclear.
- Non-Invasive Electric and Magnetic Brain Stimulation for the Treatment of Fibromyalgiaby Andrés Molero-Chamizo on 29 Marzo 2023
Although fibromyalgia is defined by its core muscular nociceptive component, it also includes multiple dysfunctions that involve the musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, immune, endocrine, as well as the central and peripheral nervous systems, amongst others. The pathogenic involvement of the nervous system and the numerous neurological and neuroinflammatory symptoms of this disease may benefit from neuromodulatory stimulation techniques that have been shown to be effective and safe in diverse...
- Neural correlates of control over pain in fibromyalgia patientsby Benjamin Mosch on 27 Febbraio 2023
The perceived lack of control over the experience of pain is arguably-one major cause of agony and impaired life quality in patients with chronic pain disorders as fibromyalgia (FM). The way perceived control affects subjective pain as well as the underlying neural mechanisms have so far not been investigated in chronic pain. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine the neural correlates of self-controlled compared to computer-controlled heat pain in healthy controls (HC,...
- Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with fibromyalgia: A protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysisby Yangyang Wang on 1 Dicembre 2022
CONCLUSION: This study will provide systematic support of evidence-based medicine for TMS in fibromyalgia, integrate the results of direct and indirect comparisons of the efficacy of different rTMS protocol, and provide the best one.
- Motor cortex inhibition as a fibromyalgia biomarker: a meta-analysis of transcranial magnetic stimulation studiesby Kevin Pacheco-Barrios on 18 Luglio 2022
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a common and refractory chronic pain condition with multiple clinical phenotypes. The current diagnosis is based on a syndrome identification which can be subjective and lead to under or over-diagnosis. Therefore, there is a need for objective biomarkers for diagnosis, phenotyping, and prognosis (treatment response and follow-up) in fibromyalgia. Potential biomarkers are measures of cortical excitability indexed by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). However, no...
- Effective connectivity abnormalities in Lewy body disease with visual hallucinationsby Giorgio Leodori on 12 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: DLB, PD, and PDD patients with VHs had less effective connectivity of the right intraparietal sulcus within the DAN than patients without VHs.
- Transcranial magnetic stimulation neurophysiology in patients with non-Alzheimer's neurodegenerative diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysisby Yu Mimura on 5 Novembre 2023
Non-Alzheimer's dementia (NAD) accounts for 30% of all neurodegenerative conditions and is characterized by cognitive decline beyond mere memory dysfunction. Diagnosing NAD remains challenging due to the lack of established biomarkers. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive neurophysiological tool that enables the investigation of cortical excitability in the human brain. Paired-pulse TMS paradigms include short- and long-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI/LICI),...
- The Effects of Exercise on Synaptic Plasticity in Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment: Protocol for a Pilot Intervention Studyby Karishma R Ramdeo on 18 Ottobre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: The proposed research is the first to assess whether synaptic plasticity is enhanced after exercise training in individuals with MCI. If exercise does indeed modify synaptic plasticity, this will create a new avenue by which we can study and manipulate neural plasticity in these individuals.
- Cortical excitability changes in patients of vascular parkinsonism with cognitive impairmentby Aakash Agrawal on 2 Ottobre 2023
CONCLUSION: Reduction in RMT and SICI in patients with VaP suggests abnormalities in GABAergic neurotransmission that may underlie cognitive impairment observed in them.
- Dopaminergic dysfunction: Role for genetic & epigenetic testing in the new psychiatryby Kenneth Blum on 29 Settembre 2023
Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS), particularly linked to addictive disorders, costs billions of dollars globally and has resulted in over one million deaths in the United States (US). Illicit substance use has been steadily rising and in 2021 approximately 21.9% (61.2 million) of individuals living in the US aged 12 or older had used illicit drugs in the past year. However, only 1.5% (4.1 million) of these individuals had received any substance use treatment. This increase in use and failure to...
- Current evidence, clinical applications, and future directions of transcranial magnetic stimulation as a treatment for ischemic strokeby Li Zhou on 3 Agosto 2023
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive brain neurostimulation technique that can be used as one of the adjunctive treatment techniques for neurological recovery after stroke. Animal studies have shown that TMS treatment of rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model reduced cerebral infarct volume and improved neurological dysfunction in model rats. In addition, clinical case reports have also shown that TMS treatment has positive neuroprotective effects in stroke...
- Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Sleep Problems in Tic Disorders: A Meta-Analysisby Na Li on 27 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings consistently indicate that individuals with tic disorders frequently encounter significant sleep problems. This underscores the importance of routinely screening for sleep problems during clinical assessments. Effectively managing sleep problems in patients with tic disorders is crucial not only for the well-being of the patients themselves but also for their families.
- Child characteristics associated with child quality of life and parenting stress in Angelman syndromeby D A Hagenaar on 27 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that interventions aimed at increasing child HRQoL and decreasing parenting stress/impact in AS should focus on child emotional/behavioural problems and sleeping problems, using a family-centred approach.
- The effect of sleep disorders, school jet lag, and anxiety in students 8-10 years of age on traumatic dental injuriesby Veruska Medeiros Martins Bernardino on 27 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSION: Children from families with a lower income, taller children, those with school jet lag, those with anxiety and those with sleep disorders had a greater occurrence of TDI.
- Innate Sleep Apnea in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats Is Associated With Microvascular Rarefaction and Neuronal Loss in the preBötzinger Complexby Reno Roberts on 27 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: Therefore, we postulate that hypertension induces SA through vascular damage in the respiratory column, culminating in neuronal loss in the inspiratory oscillator. This induction of SA, which, in turn, will independently exacerbate hypertension and neural inflammation, increases the rate of vascular dementia.
- Author Correction: Microglial REV-ERBα regulates inflammation and lipid droplet formation to drive tauopathy in male miceby Jiyeon Lee on 27 Novembre 2023
No abstract
- In vivo marker of brainstem myelin is associated to quantitative sleep parameters in healthy young menby Puneet Talwar on 27 Novembre 2023
The regional integrity of brain subcortical structures has been implicated in sleep-wake regulation, however, their associations with sleep parameters remain largely unexplored. Here, we assessed association between quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (qMRI)-derived marker of the myelin content of the brainstem and the variability in the sleep electrophysiology in a large sample of 18-to-31 years healthy young men (N = 321; ~ 22 years). Separate Generalized Additive Model for Location, Scale...
- Bilateral spontaneous vertebral artery dissection complicated by bilateral posterior cerebral artery occlusion in a migraine patient: A case report with systematic reviewby Rahul Majumdar on 27 Novembre 2023
Migraines being a possible risk factor for spontaneous multivessel cervical artery dissection has been previously introduced but rarely discussed in literature. We present the case of a 32-year-old man with a history of migraines and a 2-week history of bilateral neck pain who was found to have bilateral Vertebral Artery dissection by CT angiography. The patient's stroke's etiology was spontaneous dissection followed by thromboembolism caused by bilateral Posterior Cerebral Artery (P1)...
- NINDS Common Data Elements for post-traumatic headache: A project from the American Headache Society Post-Traumatic Headache Special Interest Sectionby Catherine D Chong on 27 Novembre 2023
No abstract
- Maternal factors in the origin of cleft lip/cleft palate: A population-based case-control studyby Lili Ács on 27 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSION: The findings of this study suggest that maternal diseases and lifestyle factors during the first trimester play a significant role in the development of CL ± CP.
- Association analysis of serotonin transporter gene polymorphism among the South-Indian migraineursby Pallavi Kesavan on 27 Novembre 2023
Background: Migraine is a multifactorial neurological disorder characterized by frequent moderate to severe intensity headaches. The genetic variations in synaptic and post-receptor signalling proteins have direct effect on the process of serotonergic neurotransmission. Methods: We aimed to investigate the genetic association of serotonin transporter (SERT) 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter-linked promoter region (5-HTTLPR) polymorphism and migraine risk in South-Indian population. A total of 304...
- Association of dietary patterns with migraine: A matched case-control studyby Fahimeh Martami on 27 Novembre 2023
Background: Little is known about the association between dietary patterns and odds of migraine. We aimed to investigate the association between posteriori dietary patterns and migraine odds and migraine-related outcomes using principal component analysis (PCA). Methods: A total of 500 participants enrolled in this age- and sex-matched case-control study. Subjects in the case group were migraine patients who were diagnosed by a neurologist (n = 250) and subjects in the control group were healthy...
- Acceptance-Commitment Therapy for Women with Episodic Migraine: A Pilot Randomized Trialby Carolyn Bernstein on 27 Novembre 2023
Objective: The aim of this study was to conduct a pilot, randomized controlled trial (RCT) of acceptance-commitment therapy (ACT) among women with episodic migraine, aged 18-65 years, and living in the United States. Background: Biobehavioral treatments have recently been proposed as possible preventive therapies for migraine management. ACT is a third wave biobehavioral therapy focused on acceptance and development of psychological flexibility and is evidence based for use in other chronic pain...
- Elevated interoceptive deficits in individuals with eating disorders and self-injurious thoughts and behaviors: A replication and extensionby Elizabeth A Velkoff on 27 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSION: Among those with EDs, interoceptive deficits are elevated among those with concurrent SITBs. Interventions aimed at improving interoception may reduce the risk for SITBs.
- Cardiac interoception in Anorexia Nervosa: A resting-state heartbeat-evoked potential studyby Susanne Cambi on 27 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study using hdEEG to localise the underlying sources of HEPs in AN. Results point to altered interoceptive processing during resting-state in AN. As our participants had a short duration of illness, this might not be the consequence of prolonged starvation. Interventions targeted at interoception could provide an additional tool to facilitate recovery.
- Moderators of treatment effect in a randomised controlled trial of single- and multi-family therapy for anorexia nervosa in adolescents and emerging adultsby Julian Baudinet on 27 Novembre 2023
INTRODUCTION: Multi-family therapy for anorexia nervosa (MFT-AN) is a novel, group-based intervention that intensifies single-family therapy for anorexia nervosa (FT-AN), with the aim of improving outcomes. The current study explored treatment moderators in a randomised controlled trial (N = 167) of FT-AN and MFT-AN for young people (adolescents/emerging adults aged 13-20 years) with anorexia nervosa.
- Prospective reciprocal relations between social support and eating disorder symptomsby May Stern on 27 Novembre 2023
Prospective studies have found inconsistent relations between social support deficits and future increases in eating disorder symptoms. Furthermore, no prospective study has tested whether elevated eating disorder symptoms predict a future erosion of social support. Accordingly, the current study investigated the prospective reciprocal relations between perceived social support from both parents and peers and eating disorder symptoms in adolescent girls. In this study, 496 adolescent girls...
- Feasibility and acceptability of comprehensive virtual treatment in eating disorders: perspectives from patients, parents and therapists during the COVID-19 pandemicby Maritza Rodríguez Guarin on 26 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: Adaptation to a virtual program is a valid and useful option during lockdowns. It improves family participation, but does not replace face-to-face treatment.
- Food Intake and Sleep Disorders in Children and Adolescents with Obesityby Valeria Calcaterra on 25 Novembre 2023
Over the last few decades, numerous scientific studies have investigated the possible association between sleep duration and adiposity during childhood, since it has been reported that sleep deprivation causes a related increase in caloric intake. Even though the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms are still under study and not completely known, the effect of dietetic habits and nutrient intake on sleep quality and patterns has been reported. The aim of this study is to explore the intricate...
- Three types of university students with subthreshold depression characterized by distinctive cognitive behavioral skillsby Nao Shiraishi on 27 Novembre 2023
Subthreshold depression impairs young people's quality of life and places them at greater risk of developing major depression. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an evidence-based approach for addressing such depressive states. This study identified subtypes of university students with subthreshold depression and revealed discrete profiles of five CBT skills: self-monitoring, cognitive restructuring, behavioral activation, assertive communication, and problem solving. Using data from the...
- Community-guided, autism-adapted group cognitive behavioral therapy for depression in autistic youth (CBT-DAY): Preliminary feasibility, acceptability, and efficacyby Jessica M Schwartzman on 27 Novembre 2023
Depression in youth is a significant public health problem worldwide, particularly for autistic youth who are over twice as likely to experience depression than their non-autistic peers. Although pathways to depression are complex, emotional reactivity and negative self-esteem are two risk factors for depression in autistic and non-autistic youth. Although autistic youth are more likely to experience depression than their non-autistic peers, psychotherapy options for autistic youth are very...
- Editor's Roundup for Issue #4 of 2023: What Patients and Their Families Are Reading About Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) on the Internet; Enhancing Self-efficacy Regarding Managing Cognitive Side Effects of ECT; Rank Order of Change in Depressive Symptoms After ECT; and (Still More) About Ketamine and ECTby William V McCall on 27 Novembre 2023
No abstract
- Psychometric Properties of the Chinese Version of the ElectroConvulsive Therapy Cognitive Assessment: An Electroconvulsive Therapy-Specific Cognitive Screening Toolby Xinyu Liu on 27 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: The ECCA-C showed satisfactory psychometric properties and may be a more sensitive instrument than the MoCA to assess cognitive impairment associated with ECT.
- Using the Personalized Advantage Index to determine which veterans may benefit from more vs. less comprehensive intensive PTSD treatment programsby Philip Held on 27 Novembre 2023
Background: Intensive PTSD treatment programs (ITPs) are highly effective but tend to differ greatly in length and the number of adjunctive services that are provided in conjunction with evidence-based PTSD treatments. Individuals' treatment response to more or less comprehensive ITPs is poorly understood.Objective: To apply a machine learning-based decision-making model (the Personalized Advantage Index (PAI)), using clinical and demographic factors to predict response to more or less...
- Application of Noninvasive Brain Stimulation for Sleep Quality Enhancement and Cognitive Improvementby Yuran Ma on 26 Novembre 2023
Sleep is a fundamental process for maintaining our physical and mental health by adjusting brain homeostasis and repairing axons to refresh memories. Due to its essentiality, sleep disorders and insufficiency can cause both physiological and behavioral risks. This report diverges from traditional medical treatments and focuses mainly on physiotherapy-based neuroregulatory techniques for sleep treatment. Noninvasive brain stimulation (NiBS) techniques have been developed to enhance patients'...
- Managing substance use in patients receiving therapeutic repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation: A scoping reviewby Victor M Tang on 26 Novembre 2023
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) is an invaluable treatment option for neuropsychiatric disorders. Co-occurring recreational and nonmedical substance use can be common in those presenting for rTMS treatment, and it is unknown how it may affect the safety and efficacy of rTMS for the treatment of currently approved neuropsychiatric indications. This scoping review aimed to map the literature on humans receiving rTMS and had a history of any type of substance use. The search...
- Alterations in Brain Activity Induced by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Their Relation to Decision Makingby Lexie Lawson on 24 Novembre 2023
Understanding the intricate dynamics between conscious choice and neural processes is crucial for unraveling the complexity of human decision-making. This study investigates the effects of inhibitory Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) on choice bias, shedding light on the malleability of cognitive-motor functions involved in decisions. While reaction times remained unaffected, inhibitory TMS to either the left or right motor cortex led to a significant bias in screen side preference during...
- Study on after-effect of electroacupuncture with different time intervals on corticospinal excitability in primary motor cortexby Meng-Meng Xie on 21 Novembre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: Under physiological conditions, EA has obvious after-effect on corticospinal excitability and upper limb motor function. The short-term interval protocol (6 h) blocks the after-effect of EA to a certain extent, while the long-term interval protocol (48 h) prolongs the after-effect of EA.
- Adaptation and exogenous attention interact in the early visual cortex: A TMS studyby Hsing-Hao Lee on 14 Novembre 2023
Our capacity to process information is constrained by the limited energy available to the brain and the high energy cost of cortical computation [1]. To help manage limited resources and optimize our sensitivity to visual information, adaptation diminishes sensitivity for repetitive stimuli, whereas attention enhances the representation of relevant information [2]. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to early visual cortex (V1/V2) eliminates the response-gain effect of exogenous...
- Neurobiological mechanisms of ECT and TMS treatment in depression: study protocol of a multimodal magnetic resonance investigationby Leila Marie Frid on 31 Ottobre 2023
BACKGROUND: Noninvasive neurostimulation treatments are increasingly being used to treat major depression, which is a common cause of disability worldwide. While electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are both effective in treating depressive episodes, their mechanisms of action are, however, not completely understood. ECT is given under general anesthesia, where an electrical pulse is administered through electrodes placed on the patient's head to trigger a...
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation-Induced Heart-Brain Coupling: Implications for Site Selection and Frontal Thresholding-Preliminary Findingsby Eva Dijkstra on 26 Ottobre 2023
CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated rTMS-induced HBC as a function of TMS cycle time for 2 commonly used clinical protocols (iTBS and 10-Hz Dash). These preliminary results supported individual site specificity and dose-response effects, indicating that this is a potentially valuable method for clinical rTMS site stratification and frontal thresholding. Further research should control for TMS side effects, such as pain of stimulation, to confirm these findings.
