AGGIORNAMENTO SCIENTIFICO IN TEMPO REALE FORNITO DA:
- Measure functional network and cortical excitability in post-anoxic patients with unresponsive wakefulness syndrome diagnosed by behavioral scalesby Chen Li on 30 Gennaio 2023
CONCLUSION: These findings suggested that the CRS-R-diagnosed post-anoxic patients with UWS had very different cortical conditions. Functional networks and cortical excitability measured by TMS-EEG could complement behavioral assessment to assess these patients' cortical conditions.
- Biomarkers for prognostic functional recovery poststroke: A narrative reviewby Jack Jiaqi Zhang on 26 Gennaio 2023
Background and objective: Prediction of poststroke recovery can be expressed by prognostic biomarkers that are related to the pathophysiology of stroke at the cellular and molecular level as well as to the brain structural and functional reserve after stroke at the systems neuroscience level. This study aimed to review potential biomarkers that can predict poststroke functional recovery. Methods: A narrative review was conducted to qualitatively summarize the current evidence on biomarkers used...
- Within-subject reliability of concurrent TMS-fMRI during a single sessionby Colin Hawco on 24 Gennaio 2023
Concurrent transcranial magnetic stimulation with functional MRI (concurrent TMS-fMRI) allows real-time causative probing of brain connectivity. However, technical challenges, safety, and tolerability may limit the number of trials employed during a concurrent TMS-fMRI experiment. We leveraged an existing data set with 100 trials of active TMS compared to a sub-threshold control condition to assess the reliability of the evoked BOLD response during concurrent TMS-fMRI. This data will permit an...
- Cortical hyperexcitability and plasticity in Alzheimer's disease: developments in understanding and managementby Mehdi A J van den Bos on 23 Gennaio 2023
INTRODUCTION: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive neurophysiological tool that provides important insights into Alzheimer's Disease (AD). A significant body of work utilizing TMS techniques has explored the pathophysiological relevance of cortical hyperexcitability and plasticity in AD and their modulation in novel therapies.
- Targeting the pathological network: Feasibility of network-based optimization of transcranial magnetic stimulation coil placement for treatment of psychiatric disordersby Zhengcao Cao on 23 Gennaio 2023
It has been recognized that the efficacy of TMS-based modulation may depend on the network profile of the stimulated regions throughout the brain. However, what profile of this stimulation network optimally benefits treatment outcomes is yet to be addressed. The answer to the question is crucial for informing network-based optimization of stimulation parameters, such as coil placement, in TMS treatments. In this study, we aimed to investigate the feasibility of taking a disease-specific network...
- Comparative efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation on different targets in Parkinson's disease: A Bayesian network meta-analysisby Ke Dong on 23 Gennaio 2023
CONCLUSION: Considering all settings reported in our research, high-frequency stimulation over bilateral M1 or bilateral DLPFC has a moderate beneficial effect on the improvement of motor symptoms in PD (high confidence rating). High-frequency stimulation over M1+DLPFC has a prominent beneficial effect and appears to be the most effective TMS parameter setting for ameliorating motor symptoms of PD patients (high confidence rating).
- Exogenous melatonin alleviates neuropathic pain-induced affective disorders by suppressing NF-κB/ NLRP3 pathway and apoptosisby Tahmineh Mokhtari on 7 Febbraio 2023
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of melatonin (MLT) on neuropathic pain (NP)-induced anxiety and depression in a rat model. Adult male rats were separated into four groups, i.e., Sham-VEH: healthy animals received a vehicle, Sham-MLT (10 mg/kg), and chronic constrictive injury (CCI)-VEH: nerve ligation received the vehicle, and CCI-MLT. Next, we used behavioral tests to evaluate pain severity, anxiety, and depression. Finally, rats were...
- Downregulation of nuclear STAT2 protein in the spinal dorsal horn is involved in neuropathic pain following chronic constriction injury of the rat sciatic nerveby Zhifeng Huang on 6 Febbraio 2023
Regulation of gene transcription in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH) plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of neuropathic pain. In this study, we investigated whether the transcription factor STAT2 affects neuropathic pain and evaluated its possible mechanisms. A proteomic analysis showed that the nuclear fraction of STAT2 protein in the SDH was downregulated after chronic constriction injury of the rat sciatic nerve, which was associated with the development of neuropathic pain. Similarly,...
- Mechanism and clinical use of botulinum neurotoxin in head and facial regionby Swarnalakshmi Raman on 5 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSIONS: BoNT is a safe treatment that can be used effectively, provided that the clinician has adequate knowledge regarding the mechanism, injection techniques, and local and systemic side effects and that it is administered cautiously and purposefully.
- Cancer aggravation due to persistent pain signals with the increased expression of pain-related mediators in sensory neurons of tumor-bearing miceby Kenichi Tanaka on 4 Febbraio 2023
A growing body of evidence suggests that intractable pain reduces both the quality of life and survival in cancer patients. In the present study, we evaluated whether chronic pain stimuli could directly affect cancer pathology using tumor-bearing mice. For this purpose, we used two different models of chronic pain in mice, neuropathic pain and persistent postsurgical pain, with Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) as tumor cells. We found that tumor growth was dramatically promoted in these pain models....
- Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Pathway: A Role in Pain Processingby Guangda Zheng on 4 Febbraio 2023
Pain, as one of the most prevalent clinical symptoms, is a complex physiological and psychological activity. Long-term severe pain can become unbearable to the body. However, existing treatments do not provide satisfactory results. Therefore, new mechanisms and therapeutic targets need to be urgently explored for pain management. The Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway is crucial in embryonic development, cell differentiation and proliferation, and nervous system regulation. Here, we review...
- Feasibility of virtual reality-delivered pain psychology therapy for cancer-related neuropathic pain: a pilot randomised controlled trialby A Chuan on 3 Febbraio 2023
Virtual reality-delivered psychological therapies have recently been investigated as non-pharmacological management for acute and chronic pain. However, no virtual reality pain therapy software existed that met the needs of cancer patients with neuropathic pain. We created a bespoke virtual reality-delivered pain therapy software programme to help cancer patients manage neuropathic pain incorporating guided visualisation and progressive muscle relaxation techniques, whilst minimising the risk of...
- Exogenous melatonin alleviates neuropathic pain-induced affective disorders by suppressing NF-κB/ NLRP3 pathway and apoptosisby Tahmineh Mokhtari on 7 Febbraio 2023
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of melatonin (MLT) on neuropathic pain (NP)-induced anxiety and depression in a rat model. Adult male rats were separated into four groups, i.e., Sham-VEH: healthy animals received a vehicle, Sham-MLT (10 mg/kg), and chronic constrictive injury (CCI)-VEH: nerve ligation received the vehicle, and CCI-MLT. Next, we used behavioral tests to evaluate pain severity, anxiety, and depression. Finally, rats were...
- Clinical Presentations and Treatment of Phenibut Toxicity and Withdrawal: A Systematic Literature Reviewby Jeremy Weleff on 6 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSIONS: The seriousness of presentations, combined with the assortments of medications used for both syndromes, reflects the potential dangers of phenibut use and the need for systematized treatment protocols.
- Poststroke apathy: Major role of cognitive, depressive and neurological disorders over imaging determinantsby Mickael Aubignat on 6 Febbraio 2023
Apathy occurs in approximately one third of people after stroke. Despite its frequency and functional consequences, the determinants of apathy have only been partially defined. The major difficulty lies in disentangling the reduction in activity due to apathy itself from those secondary to comorbidities, such as depression, sensorimotor deficits, and cognitive impairment. Here, we aimed to examine the prevalence of apathy, identify confounding sources of hypoactivity, and define its neuroimaging...
- Prescription of potentially inappropriate medicines and comparison with lists of essential medicines for treatment of chronic disorders in older patientsby Juan Gu on 6 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSIONS: PIM in older patients is common in clinical practice. Patients with diabetes, hypertension, arthritis, depression and/or anxiety and Parkinson' diseases were more frequently prescribed drugs of PIM according to Beers 2019. Take older patients into consideration and formulate List of essential medicines special for older patients may be a key way to reduce PIM.
- 'Women in the front': Psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: Depression, anxiety, loneliness, and somatization in the Israel populationby Revital Naor-Ziv on 6 Febbraio 2023
The COVID-19 pandemic has generated a high level of psychological distress in the general population. The aims of this study were to examine the mental health of men and women in the general population in Israel during the first lockdown. The sample comprised 587 participants (426 females and 161 males), whose age ranged between 16 and 85. They completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4), the Psychosomatic Symptoms Scale, and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC2)....
- Social anxiety inhibits needs repair following exclusion in both relational and non-relational reward contexts: The mediating role of positive affectby Taylor Hudd on 6 Febbraio 2023
The pain of social exclusion can motivate people to capitalize on opportunities to reconnect with others and repair their self-esteem and feelings of belongingness. This effect is often diminished for those with high social anxiety (HSA). Prior research suggests this may be due to their diminished capacity for recognizing and emotionally responding to relational reward cues. We investigated whether non-relational success experiences in the aftermath of exclusion may be an alternative means of...
- Exogenous melatonin alleviates neuropathic pain-induced affective disorders by suppressing NF-κB/ NLRP3 pathway and apoptosisby Tahmineh Mokhtari on 7 Febbraio 2023
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of melatonin (MLT) on neuropathic pain (NP)-induced anxiety and depression in a rat model. Adult male rats were separated into four groups, i.e., Sham-VEH: healthy animals received a vehicle, Sham-MLT (10 mg/kg), and chronic constrictive injury (CCI)-VEH: nerve ligation received the vehicle, and CCI-MLT. Next, we used behavioral tests to evaluate pain severity, anxiety, and depression. Finally, rats were...
- Presence of anxiety and depression in gastroenterology outpatients in Metropolitan Limaby Mariella Saavedra Farach on 6 Febbraio 2023
The objectives were to identify anxiety and depression in patients attending a gastroenterology outpatient clinic in the city of Lima, and to describe the gastroenterological history and symptoms most related to these disorders. 200 adult patients belonging to 32 districts of Metropolitan Lima attended from March to October 2021 were enrolled; the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) adapted by Vilela was applied. The study was descriptive-correlational and prospective sample. 49% (n=98)...
- Effectiveness of physical and mental health interventions for young people with heart conditions: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysisby Lora Capobianco on 6 Febbraio 2023
INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular disease is among the most common of non-communicable diseases, affecting 13.9 million children and young people (CYP) globally. Survival rates for CYP with heart conditions are rising, however, support for adjusting to life with a heart condition is lacking, as such it is unsurprising that one in three suffer from anxiety, depression or adjustment disorder. The proposed review aims to identify and assess the effectiveness of physical and mental health interventions...
- Multimorbidity combinations and their association with functional disabilities among Indian older adults: evidence from Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI)by Manish Kumar on 6 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSION: The findings from this study underscore the importance of addressing the morbidity combinations which are more disabling than the others in older adults. Understanding the somatic and psychological relevance of the morbidities in functional health is necessary and can help reduce disabilities among older adults.
- Exploring predictors and moderators of response to multimodal obesity treatment in childrenby Simone Aman-Braaksma on 6 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSIONS: These preliminary findings suggest directions for development of tailored obesity programmes. Professionals engaged in treatment of childhood obesity should consider a child's emotional and social functioning when considering group obesity intervention, as well as the risks of no intervention.
- Mindfulness plus physical activity reduces emotion dysregulation and insomnia severity among people with major depressionby Ebrahim Norouzi on 6 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSION: The combination of physical activity and mindfulness seems to have a beneficial effect on sleep quality and emotion regulation in those with major depression disorder and could be a valuable treatment strategy.
- Anhedonia modulates benzodiazepine and opioid demand among persons in treatment for opioid use disorderby Mark K Greenwald on 6 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSION: Anhedonia (positive-affective deficit) robustly predicted increased BZD and opioid demand; these factors could modulate treatment response. Routine assessment and effective treatment of anhedonia in populations with concurrent opioid and sedative use disorder may improve treatment outcomes.
- A Rare and Complex Case of Non-suicidal Self-Mutilation in a Patient With Schizophreniaby Ashna Khanna on 6 Febbraio 2023
The literature describing acts of non-suicidal self-mutilation (NSSM) in the adult population is limited. Of the cases that document NSSM, a disproportionate number of these individuals have a history of psychiatric illnesses. Although the motivation to perform NSSM varies across patients, the literature suggests that past self-injurious behaviors, extreme religious delusions, and command hallucinations are the most significant risk factors. The primary forms of NSSM include ocular, genital, and...
- Are serum levels of inflammatory markers associated with the severity of symptoms of bipolar disorder?by Xiuhua Wu on 6 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSION: In BDD, immune-inhibition is persistently predominant, while in mild-to-moderate BDM, immune system is activated but inhibited in severe BDM. The dynamic change of serum inflammatory markers suggests that alteration of peripheral inflammatory markers in BD is state-dependent instead of trait-marked.
- Adolescents' lived experiences of substance abuse in the Greater Giyani Municipalityby Annie A Temane on 6 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSION: The study concluded that adolescents abusing substances in the Greater Giyani, Limpopo province, experience loss of control, broken relationships, poor academic performance, stigma attached to mental illness and negative emotions. The adolescents foresaw their future as uncertain and without direction. It is recommended that mental healthcare professionals introduce and implement interventions that will assist the adolescents who abuse substances in the Greater Giyani, Limpopo...
- Risk factors for suicide among patients having received treatment with electroconvulsive therapy: A nationwide study of 11,780 patientsby Anders Spanggård on 6 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSIONS: Those who are male, have obtained medium-/long-term higher education, or have a history of substance use disorder or intentional self-harm/suicide attempt, are at particularly elevated risk of suicide following ECT. These findings may guide clinical initiatives to reduce suicides.
- Barriers and facilitators to becoming an alcohol and other drug nurse practitioner in Australia: A mixed methods studyby Adam Searby on 6 Febbraio 2023
Alcohol and other drug (AOD) nurse practitioners have an advanced scope of practice that allows them to diagnose, prescribe pharmacological treatments for alcohol and other substance use disorders, and monitor physical and mental health. The Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) is used to understand barriers and facilitators to implementation by applying three conditions of behaviour change (capability, opportunity, and motivation-the COM-B framework). The aim of this paper is to describe the current...
- Tramadol in seized drugs containing non-pharmaceutical fentanyl: Crime lab data from Ohio, USAby Lance Ruhter on 6 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSIONS: The addition of tramadol to NPF may be viewed as a harm mitigation strategy but contributes to the overall unpredictability of the illicit drug supply. According to Ohio legal statutes, identification of schedule IV drugs such as tramadol with fentanyl (schedule II) may provide a reduction in drug-related charges from a felony to a misdemeanor. More research is needed to characterize potential sources of tramadol in NPF-containing drugs.
- Identification of miRNA-mediated gene regulatory networks in L-methionine exposure counteracts cocaine-conditioned place preference in miceby Yan Wang on 6 Febbraio 2023
Background and Aims: Methionine has been proven to inhibit addictive behaviors of cocaine dependence. This study aimed to identify the potential mechanisms of MET relating to its inhibitory effects on cocaine induced cellular and behavioral changes. Methods: MRNA and miRNA high-throughput sequencing of the prefrontal cortex in a mouse model of cocaine conditioned place preference (CPP) combined with L-methionine was performed. Differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) and differentially...
- Developmental treatments with Δ9- tetrahydrocannabinol and the MAGL inhibitor JZL184 persistently alter adult cocaine conditioning in contrasting waysby Ahmed Aldhafiri on 5 Febbraio 2023
Using a songbird, zebra finches, as a developmental drug abuse model we found previously that cannabinoid agonists administered during the sensorimotor period of vocal learning (50-75 days of age) persistently alter song patterns and cocaine responsiveness in adulthood. However, these effects were not produced in adults exposed to similar treatment regimens. Currently, we have used the MAGL inhibitor, JZL184, to test whether enhanced endocannabinoid signaling may similarly alter cocaine...
- Combined exposure to alcohol and cannabis during development: mechanisms and outcomesby Martina V Kovács on 5 Febbraio 2023
Exposure to substances of abuse during pregnancy can have long-lasting effects on offspring. Alcohol is one of the most widely used substances of abuse that leads to the most severe consequences. Recent studies in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom showed that between 1% and 7% of all children exhibit signs and symptoms of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). Despite preventive campaigns, the rate of children with FASD has not decreased during recent decades. Alcohol...
- Comparison of locomotor stimulant and drug discrimination effects of four synthetic cathinones to commonly abused psychostimulantsby Ritu A Shetty on 4 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that 3,4-MD-α-PHP, α-PiHP, and 4-Cl-α-PPP have a potential for abuse similar to that of methamphetamine and cocaine. In contrast, 4-Cl-pentedrone may not be popular for recreational use due to its convulsant effects.
- Unlocking the strength of inducible promoters in Gram-negative bacteriaby Andrés Felipe Carrillo Rincón on 4 Febbraio 2023
Inducible bacterial promoters are ubiquitous biotechnology tools that have a consistent architecture including two key elements: the operator region recognized by the transcriptional regulatory proteins, and the -10 and -35 consensus sequences required to recruit the sigma (σ) 70 subunits of RNA polymerase to initiate transcription. Despite their widespread use, leaky transcription in the OFF state remains a challenge. We have updated the architecture of the lac and tet promoters to improve...
- Interoceptive accuracy is associated with benefits in decision making in childrenby Olga Pollatos on 6 Febbraio 2023
INTRODUCTION: Decision making results not only from logical analyses, but seems to be further guided by the ability to perceive somatic information (interoceptive accuracy). Relations between interoceptive accuracy and decision making have been exclusively studied in adults and with regard to complex, uncertain situations (as measured by the Iowa Gambling Task, IGT).
- Sharing the Load by One Health: Integrating Canine Rabies Vaccination With Bovine Foot-and-Mouth Vaccination Program and Community Public Health Services in Rural Nilgiris District, Tamil Nadu, Indiaby Ilona Airikkala-Otter on 6 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSIONS: The integration of mass dog vaccination into existing government sector initiatives may facilitate the scaling up of canine rabies vaccination campaigns.
- Dr Herman A. Barnett, Black Civil Rights Activists, and the Desegregation of The University of Texas Medical Branch in 1949: "We Ought to Go in Texas and I Don't Mean to a Segregated Medical School"by Vanessa Northington Gamble on 6 Febbraio 2023
In May 1949, Herman A. Barnett III, a 23-year-old Black veteran, applied to The University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) in Galveston. His application occurred in the wake of Black student protests against the segregationist policies of The University of Texas and of judicial victories by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) to eradicate racial inequalities in state-financed graduate and professional education. Barnett's application prompted the state to fund a...
- The effect of an affect, sensation seeking, and premeditation on risky decision-making: Conditional process analysisby Adarsh K Verma on 6 Febbraio 2023
Risks often accompany available choices in decision-making, particularly where the monetary factor gets involved. Researchers have explored the pathways underlying risky decision-making for decades, but most of these pathways have explored the factors individually rather than through a holistic approach. The present study examines the role of personality, cognitive, and biological components in risky decision-making. Here, the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) paradigm is used to study the targeted...
- Nanostructured bio-based castor oil organogels for the cleaning of artworksby Giovanna Poggi on 6 Febbraio 2023
HYPOTHESIS: Organic solvents are often used for cleaning highly water-sensitive artifacts in modern/contemporary art. Due to the toxicity of most solvents, confining systems must be formulated to use these fluids in a safe and controlled way. We propose here castor oil (CO) organogels, obtained thorough cost-effective sustainable polyurethane crosslinking. This methodology is complementary to previously demonstrated hydrogels, when conservators opt for organic solvents over aqueous formulations.
- Metabolomic changes associated with chronic arsenic exposure in a Bangladeshi populationby Haotian Wu on 6 Febbraio 2023
Chronic exposure to arsenic (As) remains a global public health concern and our understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying the adverse effects of As exposure remains incomplete. Here, we used a high-resolution metabolomics approach to examine how As affects metabolic pathways in humans. We selected 60 non-smoking adults from the Folic Acid and Creatine Trial (FACT). Inorganic (As^(III), As^(V)) and organic (monomethylarsonous acid [MMAs], dimethylarsinous Acid [DMAs]) As species were...
- Atypical anorexia nervosa: Implications of clinical features and BMI cutoffsby Youl-Ri Kim on 6 Febbraio 2023
Atypical anorexia nervosa (atypical AN) appears to be a heterogeneous disorder under the current diagnostic system. Though the body mass index (BMI) cutoff point of 18.5 kg/m² is a criterion that distinguishes atypical AN from AN, the cutoff may not be universally applicable as the norms for BMI vary and can be affected by several factors, including cross-country differences and social determinants. It is unfortunate that we do not yet have reliable or widely available criteria other than BMI...
- Kleine-levin syndrome comorbid with obsessive compulsive disorder and personality disorder: A case reportby Pezhman Hadinezhad on 6 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSION: We suggest that taking a complete history and mental state examination in the episode and inter episode phase helps to diagnosis both KLS and comorbid psychiatric disorders.
- Efficacy of virtual delivery of a dissonance-based eating disorder prevention program and evaluation of a donation model to support sustained implementationby Eric Stice on 6 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSIONS: The evidence that the Body Project produced large reductions in eating disorder risk factors and symptoms when implemented virtually and that the effects were larger than for in-person Body Project groups suggests it would be useful to implement this prevention program virtually, which could expand the reach of this intervention. Future studies should evaluate alternative methods for supporting sustained implementation of this prevention program. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023...
- Psychosocial changes during COVID-19 lockdown on nursing home residents, their relatives and clinical staff: a prospective observational studyby Adriana Catarina De Souza Oliveira on 4 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSIONS: During the first COVID-19 lockdown, psychological wellbeing of residents cared in nursing homes, their relatives and staff did not seem to be seriously affected. Previous mental health in relatives and staff together with a resilient approach to the adversity might partly be protecting factors. The lack of consequences on residents' anxiety, depression and perception of social support may reflect the special attention and care they received. Finally, as in the current study only...
- Do Weight Perception Transitions in Adolescence Predict Concurrent and Long-Term Disordered Eating Behaviors?by Samantha L Hahn on 4 Febbraio 2023
PURPOSE: Perceiving one's weight as "overweight" is associated with disordered eating in adolescence. Yet, it is unknown whether weight perceptions change during adolescence, or whether these weight perception transitions predict disordered eating. This study aims to: (1) characterize weight perception transitions from early to late adolescence among a population-based sample and (2) examine whether weight perception transitions in adolescence predict concurrent and future disordered eating into...
- Dietary oleic acid contributes to the regulation of food intake through the synthesis of intestinal oleoylethanolamideby Miki Igarashi on 3 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSION: Collectively, these results show that dietary OA is a key factor in the reduction of food intake and increase in satiety mediated by OEA signaling.
- Problematic Social Networking Site use-effects on mental health and the brainby Aviv M Weinstein on 6 Febbraio 2023
The association between excessive use of Social Networking Sites (SNS) and mental health is raising serious concern among health and education professionals. Problematic SNS use has been associated with an increased rate of depression, anxiety, stress, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and propensity to excessive alcohol use. It may also lead to vulnerability to aggression, cyberbullying and fear of missing out (FOMO). There is little evidence...
- Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Diagnosis, Clinical Features, Nosology, and Epidemiologyby Matti Cervin on 5 Febbraio 2023
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by time-consuming, distressing, or impairing obsessions and compulsions. Obsessions are recurrent, persistent, and intrusive thoughts, urges, or images. Compulsions are repetitive and often ritualized behaviors or mental acts performed to manage obsession-related distress or prevent harm. OCD affects 1% to 3% of the population, typically begins during adolescence or early adulthood, and can have a chronic or deteriorating course in the absence...
- The Pharmacological Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorderby Christopher Pittenger on 5 Febbraio 2023
Pharmacological treatment is a mainstay of the care of individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Robust evidence supports the use of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and the older tricyclic drug clomipramine. Other antidepressants are less effective (or have been insufficiently studied). When first-line treatment with these agents, and with appropriate psychotherapy, is ineffective, several augmentation strategies are available, though their evidentiary support is weaker. A...
- Neurosurgical Approaches for Treatment-Resistant Obsessive-Compulsive Disorderby Ben Shofty on 5 Febbraio 2023
Treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder (trOCD) is a severely disabling, life-threatening psychiatric disorder affecting ∼0.5% of the US population. Following the failure of multiple medical and psychotherapeutic treatment lines, patients with trOCD, like others with functional disorders, may benefit from invasive neuromodulation. Cumulative evidence suggests that disrupting abnormal hyperdirect cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) pathway activity offers sustainable, robust...
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorderby Tal Harmelech on 5 Febbraio 2023
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients need novel therapeutic interventions since most experience residual symptoms despite treatment. Converging evidence suggest that OCD involves dysfunction of limbic cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical loops, including the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), that tends to normalize with successful treatment. Recently, three repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) coils were FDA-cleared for...
- Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorderby Samuel D Spencer on 5 Febbraio 2023
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by the presence of debilitating obsessions and compulsions. Cognitive and behavioral models of OCD provide a strong theoretic and empirical foundation for informing effective psychotherapeutic treatment. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for OCD, which includes a deliberate emphasis on exposure and response/ritual prevention, has consistently demonstrated robust efficacy for the treatment of pediatric and adult OCD and is the front-line...
- Potentially Psychologically Traumatic Event Exposure Histories of new Royal Canadian Mounted Police Cadetsby Katie L Andrews on 6 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSION: The current results provide the first information describing PPTE histories of cadets, evidencing exposure frequencies and types much higher than the general population. PPTE exposures may have contributed to the cadet's vocational choices. The current results support the growing evidence that PPTEs can be associated with diverse mental disorders; however, the results also suggest cadets may be uncommonly resilient, based on how few screened positive for mental disorders, despite...
- The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Police Officers' Stress Reduction: a Systematic Reviewby Tadas Vadvilavičius on 6 Febbraio 2023
The profession of a police officer is associated with high levels of stress, which can have harmful consequences for officers' personal lives, the police organisation, and society. This systematic review aims to synthesise recent literature on the effectiveness of mindfulness-based intervention related to stress reduction (MBIs) in a sample of police officers. The search of relevant articles was applied in four databases (SpringerLink, Web of Science, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), and...
- Prevalence and incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder and symptoms in people with chronic somatic diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysisby Frederike Lunkenheimer on 6 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSION: Post-traumatic stress disorder and PTSS are common and substantially higher in people with compared to those without CD. Earlier detection and treatment of this comorbidity might improve mental and physical health, reduce the incidence of further diseases, and reduce mortality.
- Medical cannabis for treatment-resistant combat PTSDby Nitsa Nacasch on 6 Febbraio 2023
Targeting the endocannabinoid system may have a role in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, few studies have examined the effectiveness of cannabis on symptoms of PTSD, and more research is needed to ascertain cannabis' effectiveness. In this retrospective naturalistic study, we followed 14 relatively mature (32-68 years of age), treatment-resistant, chronic combat post-traumatic patients who remained severely symptomatic despite treatment with many lines of...
- Post-traumatic stress among COVID-19 survivors: A descriptive study of hospitalized first-wave survivorsby Gilles Rival on 6 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSION: Lung physicians should be aware of the risk of PTSD in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 and ensure appropriate screening and follow-up care.
- Randomized, Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial to Assess the Effect of Probiotics on Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Veterans With Gulf War Illnessby Ashok K Tuteja on 6 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSIONS: Our study did not demonstrate statistically significant improvement in IBS symptoms or QOL after treatment with the probiotic. We also did not find any improvement in symptoms of GWI or PTSD.
- Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with fibromyalgia: A protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysisby Yangyang Wang on 1 Dicembre 2022
CONCLUSION: This study will provide systematic support of evidence-based medicine for TMS in fibromyalgia, integrate the results of direct and indirect comparisons of the efficacy of different rTMS protocol, and provide the best one.
- Motor cortex inhibition as a fibromyalgia biomarker: a meta-analysis of transcranial magnetic stimulation studiesby Kevin Pacheco-Barrios on 18 Luglio 2022
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a common and refractory chronic pain condition with multiple clinical phenotypes. The current diagnosis is based on a syndrome identification which can be subjective and lead to under or over-diagnosis. Therefore, there is a need for objective biomarkers for diagnosis, phenotyping, and prognosis (treatment response and follow-up) in fibromyalgia. Potential biomarkers are measures of cortical excitability indexed by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). However, no...
- New updates on transcranial magnetic stimulation in chronic painby Ana Mércia Fernandes on 31 Maggio 2022
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Chronic pain is the most prevalent symptomatic disease worldwide. Nonpharmacological interventions, such as noninvasive neuromodulation (NIN), have gained scientific evidence to support their use as an add-on strategy to pharmacological pain management. The most studied NIN technique is repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). This review aims to identify the current indications for rTMS in the treatment of chronic pain and its new perspectives.
- The Concept, Development, and Application of a Home-Based High-Definition tDCS for Bilateral Motor Cortex Modulation in Migraine and Painby Alexandre F DaSilva on 17 Marzo 2022
Whereas, many debilitating chronic pain disorders are dominantly bilateral (e.g., fibromyalgia, chronic migraine), non-invasive and invasive cortical neuromodulation therapies predominantly apply unilateral stimulation. The development of excitatory stimulation targeting bilateral primary motor (M1) cortices could potentially expand its therapeutic effect to more global pain relief. However, this is hampered by increased procedural and technical complexity. For example, repetitive transcranial...
- Effectiveness of High-Frequency Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Physical Exercise in Women With Fibromyalgia: A Randomized Controlled Trialby Ruth Izquierdo-Alventosa on 3 Luglio 2021
CONCLUSION: Both PE and HF-TMS are effective in improving pain, impact of FM, physical conditioning, and emotional status in people with FM; HF-TMS achieved larger improvements in emotional status than PE.
- Coexistence of fibromyalgia and metabolic syndrome in females: The effects on fatigue, clinical features, pain sensitivity, urinary cortisol and norepinephrine levels: A cross-sectional studyby Onat Çakit on 28 Maggio 2021
CONCLUSION: We found that patients with FMS had a nearly four times higher risk for MetS and the coexisting MetS may increase the severity of FMS. In clinical practice, when evaluating a patient with FMS, metabolic characteristics should also be evaluated.
- Decoding the radiomic features of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in individuals with accelerated cortical changes: implications for personalized transcranial magnetic stimulationby Hanna Lu on 9 Gennaio 2023
CONCLUSIONS: MRI-informed radiomic features of the treatment targets have significant effects on the intensity and distribution of the stimulation-induced electric fields in prodromal dementia patients. Our findings highlight the importance of region-specific radiomics when conducting the transcranial brain stimulation in individuals with accelerated cortical changes, such as Alzheimer's disease.
- Real world research on transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment strategies for neuropsychiatric symptoms with long-COVID in Japanby Yoshihiro Noda on 7 Gennaio 2023
The number of patients suffering from long-COVID is currently increasing rapidly, even after the acute symptoms of COVID-19 have improved. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of a pilot transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) treatment on neuropsychiatric symptoms caused by long-COVID. In this study, we examined the efficacy of the TMS treatment protocol, which has been established to be effective in refractory depression, by applying it to patients who sought TMS...
- A pilot study of the effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment on cognitive dysfunction associated with post COVID-19 conditionby Yoshihiro Noda on 3 Gennaio 2023
No abstract
- Brain stimulation treatment for bipolar disorderby Julian Mutz on 14 Dicembre 2022
CONCLUSION: Whilst findings to date have been encouraging, larger randomised controlled trials with long-term follow-up are needed to clarify important questions regarding treatment efficacy and tolerability, the frequency of treatment-emergent affective switches and effects on cognitive function.
- The effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation on the recovery of attention and memory impairment following stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysisby Wen-Wen Xu on 5 Dicembre 2022
BACKGROUND: Previous studies indicated inconsistent results for the treatment effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on attention and memory impairment following stroke.
- Co-ultramicronized palmitoylethanolamide/luteolin normalizes GABAB-ergic activity and cortical plasticity in long COVID-19 syndromeby Viviana Versace on 1 Dicembre 2022
CONCLUSIONS: Eight weeks of treatment with PEA-LUT restore GABA(B) activity and cortical plasticity in long Covid patients.
- Polygenic risk scores and kidney traits in the Hispanic/Latino population: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinosby Laura Y Zhou on 6 Febbraio 2023
Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is used to evaluate kidney function and determine the presence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), a highly prevalent disease in the US¹ ^(,) ² ^(,) ³ that varies among subgroups of Hispanic/Latino individuals.⁴ ^(,) ⁵ The polygenic risk score (PRS) is a popular method that uses large genome-wide association studies (GWASs) to provide a strong estimate of disease risk.⁷ However, due to the limited availability of summary statistics from GWAS meta-analyses...
- Short-term outcomes of physical activity counseling in in-patients with Major Depressive Disorder: Results from the PACINPAT randomized controlled trialby Robyn Cody on 6 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSION: Physical activity counseling may be considered an important factor in the transition from in-patient treatment. Methods to optimize the intervention during this period could be further explored to fulfill the potential of this opportunity.
- Transcranial direct current stimulation for the treatment of post-stroke depression: A systematic reviewby Wenjian Hao on 6 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSION: This article simply aims at providing a comprehensive overview of the raw data reported in this field to date. Based on the current evidence, tDCS presents promising results for the treatment of PSD. Moreover, tDCS is also effective in PSD patients with aphasia or CPSP. However, an optimal stimulation protocol is needed to formulate. Thus, the development of robustly controlled, randomized, and high-quality clinical trials to further assess the utility of tDCS as a therapeutic tool...
- The effects of acupuncture on clinical efficacy and steady-state visual evoked potentials in insomnia patients with emotional disorders: A randomized single-blind sham-controlled trialby Leixiao Zhang on 6 Febbraio 2023
The aim of this study was to observe the clinical effects and brain electrical potential changes following acupuncture in the treatment of insomnia patients with mood disorders. Ninety patients with insomnia who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into the active acupuncture group (AA group, n = 44) and sham acupuncture group (SA group, n = 46) at a ratio of 1:1. The primary outcome was the total score of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the secondary outcomes were the...
- Concurrent behavioral and electrophysiological longitudinal recordings for in vivo assessment of agingby Christopher Daniel Morrone on 6 Febbraio 2023
Electrophysiological and behavioral alterations, including sleep and cognitive impairments, are critical components of age-related decline and neurodegenerative diseases. In preclinical investigation, many refined techniques are employed to probe these phenotypes, but they are often conducted separately. Herein, we provide a protocol for one-time surgical implantation of EMG wires in the nuchal muscle and a skull-surface EEG headcap in mice, capable of 9-to-12-month recording longevity. All data...
- The effect of bright light therapy in migraine patients with sleep disturbance: A prospective, observational cohort study protocolby Tsung-Hsing Lin on 6 Febbraio 2023
BACKGROUND: Migraine is a common disabling disorder, and its substantial burden is associated with a considerable negative impact on the patients' quality of life. Moreover, aging patients with migraine have more cognitive complaints. Additionally, the elderly are more likely to have sleep disturbances, which may also predict the risk of incident dementia. Migraines are reported to be closely associated with sleep and circadian rhythms. Sleep disturbance is a well-known trigger for migraine...
- Symptoms and patterns of symptom propagation in incipient ischemic stroke and migraine auraby Adrian Scutelnic on 6 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSION: There is a significant overlap in the clinical presentation of stroke and migraine aura. In particular, a substantial proportion of patients in one group had symptoms that are traditionally attributed to the other group. This study highlights the similarities and differences between symptoms of ischemic stroke and migraine aura and challenges our reasoning in daily clinical practice.
- The effect of bright light therapy in migraine patients with sleep disturbance: A prospective, observational cohort study protocolby Tsung-Hsing Lin on 6 Febbraio 2023
BACKGROUND: Migraine is a common disabling disorder, and its substantial burden is associated with a considerable negative impact on the patients' quality of life. Moreover, aging patients with migraine have more cognitive complaints. Additionally, the elderly are more likely to have sleep disturbances, which may also predict the risk of incident dementia. Migraines are reported to be closely associated with sleep and circadian rhythms. Sleep disturbance is a well-known trigger for migraine...
- Photophobia and migraine outcome during treatment with galcanezumabby Francesca Schiano di Cola on 6 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSIONS: The present study confirms previous reports regarding galcanezumab efficacy beyond migraine frequency. In particular, over 60% of patients, in our cohort, documented a significant improvement also in reducing ictal photophobia. This improvement was, in most patients, moderate to high, and within the first 6 months of treatment, regardless of the clinical response on migraine frequency.
- Videonystagmography (VNG) Findings in Patients with Vestibular Migraine: A Hospital-Based Studyby S Vivek on 6 Febbraio 2023
Vestibular migraine (VM) is a disorder where vestibular symptoms are causally related to migraine. It is one of the common causes of recurrent vertigo in the general population. It has often remained as an under-recognized condition with largely unknown pathophysiology. Accurate diagnosis is essential in vestibular pathologies as it determines the management in each case. The aim of this reasearch was to compare vestibular functions of patients with VM and healthy controls using VNG and to study...
- Will Vestibular Migraine Pathology Lead to Ischemic Changes in Brain Tissue in Later Age?by Vithal D Udagatti on 6 Febbraio 2023
Migraine has been considered to be an episodic, multifactorial, neurovascular disorder without long-term consequences to the brain, although numerous studies have shown a possible association between vestibular migraine and ischemic changes in the brain. 3 Case based scenarios of previously diagnosed patients with vestibular migraine on treatment, associated with clinical changes of ischemia, infarction and white matter lesions are reviewed and integrated with the results based on MRI study....
- The association of dietary total antioxidant capacity with migraine attack frequency in womenby Samaneh Hajjarzadeh on 6 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSION: A high-quality diet in terms of antioxidant capacity is related to lower attack frequency in migrainous women.
- Atypical anorexia nervosa: Implications of clinical features and BMI cutoffsby Youl-Ri Kim on 6 Febbraio 2023
Atypical anorexia nervosa (atypical AN) appears to be a heterogeneous disorder under the current diagnostic system. Though the body mass index (BMI) cutoff point of 18.5 kg/m² is a criterion that distinguishes atypical AN from AN, the cutoff may not be universally applicable as the norms for BMI vary and can be affected by several factors, including cross-country differences and social determinants. It is unfortunate that we do not yet have reliable or widely available criteria other than BMI...
- Kleine-levin syndrome comorbid with obsessive compulsive disorder and personality disorder: A case reportby Pezhman Hadinezhad on 6 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSION: We suggest that taking a complete history and mental state examination in the episode and inter episode phase helps to diagnosis both KLS and comorbid psychiatric disorders.
- Efficacy of virtual delivery of a dissonance-based eating disorder prevention program and evaluation of a donation model to support sustained implementationby Eric Stice on 6 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSIONS: The evidence that the Body Project produced large reductions in eating disorder risk factors and symptoms when implemented virtually and that the effects were larger than for in-person Body Project groups suggests it would be useful to implement this prevention program virtually, which could expand the reach of this intervention. Future studies should evaluate alternative methods for supporting sustained implementation of this prevention program. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023...
- Psychosocial changes during COVID-19 lockdown on nursing home residents, their relatives and clinical staff: a prospective observational studyby Adriana Catarina De Souza Oliveira on 4 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSIONS: During the first COVID-19 lockdown, psychological wellbeing of residents cared in nursing homes, their relatives and staff did not seem to be seriously affected. Previous mental health in relatives and staff together with a resilient approach to the adversity might partly be protecting factors. The lack of consequences on residents' anxiety, depression and perception of social support may reflect the special attention and care they received. Finally, as in the current study only...
- Do Weight Perception Transitions in Adolescence Predict Concurrent and Long-Term Disordered Eating Behaviors?by Samantha L Hahn on 4 Febbraio 2023
PURPOSE: Perceiving one's weight as "overweight" is associated with disordered eating in adolescence. Yet, it is unknown whether weight perceptions change during adolescence, or whether these weight perception transitions predict disordered eating. This study aims to: (1) characterize weight perception transitions from early to late adolescence among a population-based sample and (2) examine whether weight perception transitions in adolescence predict concurrent and future disordered eating into...
- Dietary oleic acid contributes to the regulation of food intake through the synthesis of intestinal oleoylethanolamideby Miki Igarashi on 3 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSION: Collectively, these results show that dietary OA is a key factor in the reduction of food intake and increase in satiety mediated by OEA signaling.
- Three ways to change your mind: an epistemic framework for cognitive interventionsby Stirling Moorey on 6 Febbraio 2023
Belief change is an important element of much CBT, yet very little consideration has been given to the theories of knowledge, the epistemology, which underlie this process. This article argues that understanding the epistemic basis of the techniques therapists use can help guide their choice of interventions. The empirical evidence for cognitive restructuring is considered, the importance of distancing and decentring noted, and three epistemic styles are identified: the rational-empiricist,...
- Sleep-related predictors of cognition among adults with chronic insomnia and heart failure enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomniaby Nancy S Redeker on 6 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSIONS: CBT-I may improve cognition in adults with chronic HF. A future fully powered randomized controlled trial is needed to confirm the extent to which CBT-I improves multiple dimensions of cognition.
- Content and attainment of individual treatment goals in CBTby Anaïs Baur on 6 Febbraio 2023
This study examined the attainment of individual treatment goals as an approach to measure treatment outcomes retrospectively in comparison to standardized self-report measures. In total, 189 outpatients defined 1-3 treatment goals (N = 455) using the Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS) at the beginning of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and indicated the degree of their individual goal attainment post-treatment. The goals were assigned to content-related goal types of the Bern Inventory of...
- Where Is Counseling in School Psychology Literature? A Review of Six Prominent School Psychology Journalsby Stephanie Y Flood on 6 Febbraio 2023
School psychology professionals rely on professional literature to access information on scientifically supported practices. Counseling is certainly one of those practices. The purpose of this review was to determine how many articles published in prominent peer-reviewed school psychology journals have addressed providing effective counseling services to children and youth. We wanted to determine the types of counseling approaches that were described in those articles and which approaches...
- Exploring core mental health symptoms among persons living with HIV: A network analysisby Shuyu Han on 6 Febbraio 2023
CONCLUSION: Our study provides a new perspective on the role of each mental health symptom among PLWH. To alleviate the mental health symptoms of PLWH to the greatest extent possible and comprehensively improve their mental health, we suggest that psychological professionals pay more attention to pessimistic mood and cognitive processes in PLWH. Interventions that apply positive psychology skills and cognitive behavioral therapy may be necessary components for the mental health care of PLWH.
- Problematic Social Networking Site use-effects on mental health and the brainby Aviv M Weinstein on 6 Febbraio 2023
The association between excessive use of Social Networking Sites (SNS) and mental health is raising serious concern among health and education professionals. Problematic SNS use has been associated with an increased rate of depression, anxiety, stress, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and propensity to excessive alcohol use. It may also lead to vulnerability to aggression, cyberbullying and fear of missing out (FOMO). There is little evidence...
- Cerebellar stimulation in schizophrenia: A systematic review of the evidence and an overview of the methodsby Jessica P Y Hua on 9 Gennaio 2023
CONCLUSION: Cerebellar stimulation is a promising intervention for individuals with schizophrenia that may be more relevant to some symptom domains than others. Initial results highlight the need for continued research using more methodologically rigorous designs, such as additional longitudinal and randomized controlled trials.
- Real world research on transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment strategies for neuropsychiatric symptoms with long-COVID in Japanby Yoshihiro Noda on 7 Gennaio 2023
The number of patients suffering from long-COVID is currently increasing rapidly, even after the acute symptoms of COVID-19 have improved. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of a pilot transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) treatment on neuropsychiatric symptoms caused by long-COVID. In this study, we examined the efficacy of the TMS treatment protocol, which has been established to be effective in refractory depression, by applying it to patients who sought TMS...
- Efficacy and safety of house dust mite subcutaneous immunotherapy in polysensitized children with allergic asthmaby Panpan Zhang on 5 Gennaio 2023
CONCLUSION: This study confirmed that no significant difference was observed in the clinical efficacy and safety of HDM-SCIT between mono-and polysensitized children with allergic asthma.
- Efficacy and safety of transcranial magnetic stimulation for treating major depressive disorder: An umbrella review and re-analysis of published meta-analyses of randomised controlled trialsby S Brini on 1 Gennaio 2023
CONCLUSION: Authors of all included meta-analyses interpreted findings to suggest TMS is safe and effective for MDD despite lack of comprehensive investigation of heterogeneity. Our re-analysis revealed the direction and magnitude of treatment effects vary widely across different settings. We also found high risk of bias in the majority of included systematic reviews and presence of small-study effects in some meta-analyses. Because of these reasons, we argue TMS for MDD may not be as effective...
- Case 40-2022: A 38-Year-Old Man with Exertional Chest Discomfortby J Sawalla Guseh on 28 Dicembre 2022
No abstract
- Substance Use and Addiction in Athletes: The Case for Neuromodulation and Beyondby John W Dougherty on 11 Dicembre 2022
Substance use, misuse and use disorders continue to be major problems in society as a whole and athletes are certainly not exempt. Substance use has surrounded sports since ancient times and the pressures associated with competition sometimes can increase the likelihood of use and subsequent misuse. The addiction field as a whole has very few answers to how to prevent and secondarily treat substance use disorders and the treatments overall do not necessarily agree with the role of being an...
