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- Measure functional network and cortical excitability in post-anoxic patients with unresponsive wakefulness syndrome diagnosed by behavioral scalesby Chen Li on 30 Gennaio 2023
CONCLUSION: These findings suggested that the CRS-R-diagnosed post-anoxic patients with UWS had very different cortical conditions. Functional networks and cortical excitability measured by TMS-EEG could complement behavioral assessment to assess these patients' cortical conditions.
- Biomarkers for prognostic functional recovery poststroke: A narrative reviewby Jack Jiaqi Zhang on 26 Gennaio 2023
Background and objective: Prediction of poststroke recovery can be expressed by prognostic biomarkers that are related to the pathophysiology of stroke at the cellular and molecular level as well as to the brain structural and functional reserve after stroke at the systems neuroscience level. This study aimed to review potential biomarkers that can predict poststroke functional recovery. Methods: A narrative review was conducted to qualitatively summarize the current evidence on biomarkers used...
- Within-subject reliability of concurrent TMS-fMRI during a single sessionby Colin Hawco on 24 Gennaio 2023
Concurrent transcranial magnetic stimulation with functional MRI (concurrent TMS-fMRI) allows real-time causative probing of brain connectivity. However, technical challenges, safety, and tolerability may limit the number of trials employed during a concurrent TMS-fMRI experiment. We leveraged an existing data set with 100 trials of active TMS compared to a sub-threshold control condition to assess the reliability of the evoked BOLD response during concurrent TMS-fMRI. This data will permit an...
- Cortical hyperexcitability and plasticity in Alzheimer's disease: developments in understanding and managementby Mehdi A J van den Bos on 23 Gennaio 2023
INTRODUCTION: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive neurophysiological tool that provides important insights into Alzheimer's Disease (AD). A significant body of work utilizing TMS techniques has explored the pathophysiological relevance of cortical hyperexcitability and plasticity in AD and their modulation in novel therapies.
- Targeting the pathological network: Feasibility of network-based optimization of transcranial magnetic stimulation coil placement for treatment of psychiatric disordersby Zhengcao Cao on 23 Gennaio 2023
It has been recognized that the efficacy of TMS-based modulation may depend on the network profile of the stimulated regions throughout the brain. However, what profile of this stimulation network optimally benefits treatment outcomes is yet to be addressed. The answer to the question is crucial for informing network-based optimization of stimulation parameters, such as coil placement, in TMS treatments. In this study, we aimed to investigate the feasibility of taking a disease-specific network...
- Comparative efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation on different targets in Parkinson's disease: A Bayesian network meta-analysisby Ke Dong on 23 Gennaio 2023
CONCLUSION: Considering all settings reported in our research, high-frequency stimulation over bilateral M1 or bilateral DLPFC has a moderate beneficial effect on the improvement of motor symptoms in PD (high confidence rating). High-frequency stimulation over M1+DLPFC has a prominent beneficial effect and appears to be the most effective TMS parameter setting for ameliorating motor symptoms of PD patients (high confidence rating).
- Theta-burst stimulation of TMS treatment for anxiety and depression: A FNIRS studyby Yan Zhang on 22 Gennaio 2023
CONCLUSION: The intervention of iTBS model has a positive effect on improving symptoms and strengthening brain functional connection of patients with anxiety and depression. This performance supports the effectiveness of iTBS model in treating anxiety and depression.
- Mapping Brain Motor Functions Using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation with a Volume Conductor Model and Electrophysiological Experimentsby Keigo Hikita on 21 Gennaio 2023
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) activates brain cells in a noninvasive manner and can be used for mapping brain motor functions. However, the complexity of the brain anatomy prevents the determination of the exact location of the stimulated sites, resulting in the limitation of the spatial resolution of multiple targets. The aim of this study is to map two neighboring muscles in cortical motor areas accurately and quickly. Multiple stimuli were applied to the subject using a TMS...
- Causal role of a neural system for separating and selecting multidimensional social cognitive informationby Ali Mahmoodi on 21 Gennaio 2023
People are multi-faceted, typically good at some things but bad at others, and a critical aspect of social judgement is the ability to focus on those traits relevant for the task at hand. However, it remains unknown how the brain supports such context-dependent social judgement. Here, we examine how people represent multidimensional individuals, and how the brain extracts relevant information and filters out irrelevant information when comparing individuals within a specific dimension. Using...
- Magnetic temporal interference for noninvasive and focal brain stimulationby Adam Khalifa on 18 Gennaio 2023
Objective. Noninvasive focal stimulation of deep brain regions has been a major goal for neuroscience and neuromodulation in the past three decades. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), for instance, cannot target deep regions in the brain without activating the overlying tissues and has poor spatial resolution. In this manuscript, we propose a new concept that relies on the temporal interference (TI) of two high-frequency magnetic fields generated by two electromagnetic solenoids.Approach....
- Phonetic categorization relies on motor simulation, but combinatorial phonological computations are abstractby Iris Berent on 17 Gennaio 2023
To identify a spoken word (e.g., dog), people must categorize the speech steam onto distinct units (e.g., contrast dog/fog,) and extract their combinatorial structure (e.g., distinguish dog/god). However, the mechanisms that support these two core functions are not fully understood. Here, we explore this question using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). We show that speech categorization engages the motor system, as stimulating the lip motor area has opposite effects on labial (ba/pa)- and...
- Systematic review and network meta-analysis of effects of noninvasive brain stimulation on post-stroke cognitive impairmentby Yueying Wang on 16 Gennaio 2023
CONCLUSION: The available evidence suggests that NIBS improves cognitive impairment. tDCS appeared more effective than TMS for cognitive function and activities of daily living in PSCI patients. Limited by the number of included studies, more large-sample, multicentre, double-blind, high-quality randomized controlled clinical trials are needed to further confirm this study's results.
- Language-related motor facilitation in Italian Sign Language signersby Fabio Giovannelli on 16 Gennaio 2023
Linguistic tasks facilitate corticospinal excitability as revealed by increased motor evoked potential (MEP) induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in the dominant hand. This modulation of the primary motor cortex (M1) excitability may reflect the relationship between speech and gestures. It is conceivable that in healthy individuals who use a sign language this cortical excitability modulation could be rearranged. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of spoken language...
- Paired corticomotoneuronal stimulation of the preactivated ankle dorsiflexor: an open-label study of magnetic and electrical painless protocolsby Janie Provencher on 13 Gennaio 2023
Paired corticomotoneuronal stimulation (or electrical PCMS: ePCMS) is the repetitive pairing of an electrical stimulus to a nerve with a transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex (TMS-of-M1) to noninvasively influence spinal plasticity. We compared ePCMS with the new painless PCMS protocol pairing a magnetic stimulus to the nerve with TMS-of-M1 (mPCMS) in the preactivated tibial anterior muscle (TA). Sixteen healthy adults participated in two sessions (mPCMS, ePCMS), each...
- Extension of transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment for depression in non-responders: Results of a naturalistic studyby Mahdi Razafsha on 11 Gennaio 2023
CONCLUSION: Our results support the idea that subpopulation of TMS patients are late responders. Continuation of TMS up to 72 treatments among those patients who do not meet response criteria by session 36 may improve overall response rates. While the number of subjects and study design limit generalization, given the fact that these patients were medication refractory and had failed initial course of TMS, the result of this study is encouraging.