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- Noninvasive brain stimulation in autism: review and outlook for personalized interventions in adult patientsby Lukas Hensel on 2 Maggio 2024
Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has been increasingly investigated during the last decade as a treatment option for persons with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Yet, previous studies did not reach a consensus on a superior treatment protocol or stimulation target. Persons with ASD often suffer from social isolation and high rates of unemployment, arising from difficulties in social interaction. ASD involves multiple neural systems involved in perception, language, and cognition, and the...
- Causally Probing the Role of the Hippocampus in Fear Discrimination: A Precision Functional Mapping-Guided, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study in Participants With Posttraumatic Stress Symptomsby Ryan D Webler on 1 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSIONS: Overgeneralization is an associative process that reflects deficient discrimination of the fear cue from similar cues. In contrast, sensitization reflects nonassociative responding unrelated to fear cue similarity. Our results suggest that HNT-TMS may selectively sharpen fear discrimination when associative response patterns, which putatively implicate the hippocampus, are more strongly engaged.
- TMS-fMRI Supports Roles for VLPFC and Downstream Regions in Cognitive Reappraisalby Malvika Sridhar on 1 Maggio 2024
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- Impact of pulse waveform on motor threshold variability in TMS: Reply to Wang et alby Majid Memarian Sorkhabi on 30 Aprile 2024
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- Unlocking Therapeutic Potential: The Role of Theta Burst Stimulation in Multiple Sclerosis Managementby David F Lo on 29 Aprile 2024
Objective: Current therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS) often have limited efficacy and side effects, necessitating alternative approaches. Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS), such as transcranial direct current stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), offers potential solutions. Among NIBS techniques, theta burst stimulation (TBS) is notable for its ability to modulate cortical activity. The objective of this systematic review is to assess the impact of TBS on MS symptoms.
- Advances in Non-Invasive Neuromodulation Techniques for Improving Cognitive Function: A Reviewby Ruijuan Chen on 27 Aprile 2024
Non-invasive neuromodulation techniques are widely utilized to study and improve cognitive function, with the aim of modulating different cognitive processes. For workers performing high-intensity mental and physical tasks, extreme fatigue may not only affect their working efficiency but may also lead to cognitive decline or cognitive impairment, which, in turn, poses a serious threat to their physical health. The use of non-invasive neuromodulation techniques has important research value for...
- Modulation of Corticospinal Excitability during Action Observation in Patients with Disorders of Consciousnessby Mauro Mancuso on 27 Aprile 2024
Brain imaging studies have recently provided some evidence in favor of covert cognitive processes that are ongoing in patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC) (e.g., a minimally conscious state and vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome) when engaged in passive sensory stimulation or active tasks such as motor imagery. In this exploratory study, we used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the motor cortex to assess modulations of corticospinal excitability induced by...
- The effects of deep transcranial magnetic stimulation on Alzheimer's disease: a case report examining cognitive functioning, memory, and QEEGby Nathaniel A Shanok on 27 Aprile 2024
Numerous treatment options are being studied for Alzheimer's disease (AD) given the rising prevalence of this condition worldwide. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a promising option for regulating specific neurological abnormalities pertaining to this condition. This case presents a patient with AD and co-occurring major depressive disorder that received 36 sessions of Deep TMS to the frontal and temporal lobes. This patient experienced improved general cognitive functioning and...
- Analysis of bihemispheric language function in pediatric neurosurgical patients using repetitive navigated transcranial magnetic stimulationby Tizian Rosenstock on 26 Aprile 2024
CONCLUSIONS: Bihemispheric rnTMS language mapping as a noninvasive mapping technique to assess lateralization of language function in the pediatric neurosurgical population is safe and feasible. Why relevant right hemispheric language function (HDR ≤ 1.1) was associated with postoperative unaltered language function needs to be validated in future studies. Bihemispheric rnTMS language mapping strengthens risk-benefit considerations prior to pediatric tumor/epilepsy surgery in language-associated...
- Causal network localization of brain stimulation targets for trait anxietyby Shan H Siddiqi on 25 Aprile 2024
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and deep brain stimulation (DBS) can treat some neuropsychiatric disorders, but there is no consensus approach for identifying new targets. We localized causal circuit-based targets for anxiety that converged across multiple natural experiments. Lesions (n=451) and TMS sites (n=111) that modify anxiety mapped to a common normative brain circuit (r=0.68, p=0.01). In an independent dataset (n=300), individualized TMS site connectivity to this circuit...
- A review of algorithms and software for real-time electric field modeling techniques for transcranial magnetic stimulationby Tae Young Park on 22 Aprile 2024
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a device-based neuromodulation technique increasingly used to treat brain diseases. Electric field (E-field) modeling is an important technique in several TMS clinical applications, including the precision stimulation of brain targets with accurate stimulation density for the treatment of mental disorders and the localization of brain function areas for neurosurgical planning. Classical methods for E-field modeling usually take a long computation time....
- Evoked oscillatory cortical activity during acute pain: Probing brain in pain by transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with electroencephalogramby Enrico De Martino on 22 Aprile 2024
Temporal dynamics of local cortical rhythms during acute pain remain largely unknown. The current study used a novel approach based on transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with electroencephalogram (TMS-EEG) to investigate evoked-oscillatory cortical activity during acute pain. Motor (M1) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) were probed by TMS, respectively, to record oscillatory power (event-related spectral perturbation and relative spectral power) and phase synchronization...
- Breakdown of effective information flow in disorders of consciousness: Insights from TMS-EEGby Yang Bai on 19 Aprile 2024
CONCLUSIONS: TMS-EEG revealed a physiologically relevant correlation between TMS-induced information flow and levels of consciousness. This suggests that breakdown of effective cortical information flow serves as a viable marker of human consciousness.
- Enhancing ventrolateral prefrontal cortex activation mitigates social pain and modifies subsequent social attitudes: Insights from TMS and fMRIby Sijin Li on 19 Aprile 2024
Social pain, a multifaceted emotional response triggered by interpersonal rejection or criticism, profoundly impacts mental well-being and social interactions. While prior research has implicated the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (rVLPFC) in mitigating social pain, the precise neural mechanisms and downstream effects on subsequent social attitudes remain elusive. This study employed transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) integrated with fMRI recordings during a social pain task to...
- Stability of transcranial magnetic stimulation electroencephalogram evoked potentials in pediatric epilepsyby Xiwei She on 19 Aprile 2024
Transcranial magnetic stimulation paired with electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) can measure local excitability and functional connectivity. To address trial-to-trial variability, responses to multiple TMS pulses are recorded to obtain an average TMS evoked potential (TEP). Balancing adequate data acquisition to establish stable TEPs with feasible experimental duration is critical when applying TMS-EEG to clinical populations. Here we aim to investigate the minimum number of pulses (MNP) required...