AGGIORNAMENTO SCIENTIFICO IN TEMPO REALE FORNITO DA:
- The effects of music combined to paired associative stimulation on motor-evoked potentials and alertness in spinal cord injury patients and healthy subjectsby Kirsi Holopainen on 3 Maggio 2024
Paired associative stimulation (PAS) consisting of high-intensity transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and high-frequency peripheral nerve stimulation (known as high-PAS) induces plastic changes and improves motor performance in patients with incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI). Listening to music during PAS may potentially improve mood and arousal and facilitate PAS-induced neuroplasticity via auditory-motor coupling, but the effects have not been explored. This pilot study aimed to...
- Noninvasive brain stimulation in autism: review and outlook for personalized interventions in adult patientsby Lukas Hensel on 2 Maggio 2024
Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has been increasingly investigated during the last decade as a treatment option for persons with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Yet, previous studies did not reach a consensus on a superior treatment protocol or stimulation target. Persons with ASD often suffer from social isolation and high rates of unemployment, arising from difficulties in social interaction. ASD involves multiple neural systems involved in perception, language, and cognition, and the...
- Causally Probing the Role of the Hippocampus in Fear Discrimination: A Precision Functional Mapping-Guided, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study in Participants With Posttraumatic Stress Symptomsby Ryan D Webler on 1 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSIONS: Overgeneralization is an associative process that reflects deficient discrimination of the fear cue from similar cues. In contrast, sensitization reflects nonassociative responding unrelated to fear cue similarity. Our results suggest that HNT-TMS may selectively sharpen fear discrimination when associative response patterns, which putatively implicate the hippocampus, are more strongly engaged.
- TMS-fMRI Supports Roles for VLPFC and Downstream Regions in Cognitive Reappraisalby Malvika Sridhar on 1 Maggio 2024
No abstract
- Impact of pulse waveform on motor threshold variability in TMS: Reply to Wang et alby Majid Memarian Sorkhabi on 30 Aprile 2024
No abstract
- Unlocking Therapeutic Potential: The Role of Theta Burst Stimulation in Multiple Sclerosis Managementby David F Lo on 29 Aprile 2024
Objective: Current therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS) often have limited efficacy and side effects, necessitating alternative approaches. Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS), such as transcranial direct current stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), offers potential solutions. Among NIBS techniques, theta burst stimulation (TBS) is notable for its ability to modulate cortical activity. The objective of this systematic review is to assess the impact of TBS on MS symptoms.
- Research trends on acupuncture for neuropathic pain: A bibliometric analysis from 1979 to 2023by Tao Li on 3 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSION: This present study visually showed the research status and trends of acupuncture for NP from 1979 to 2023 on the basis of bibliometric analysis, which may in some way help researcher discovery and explore some new research directions and ideas in the future.
- Chronic pain enhances excitability of corticotropin-releasing factor-expressing neurons in the oval part of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalisby Ryoko Uchida on 3 Maggio 2024
We previously reported that enhanced corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) signaling in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) caused the aversive responses during acute pain and suppressed the brain reward system during chronic pain. However, it remains to be examined whether chronic pain alters the excitability of CRF neurons in the BNST. In this study we investigated the chronic pain-induced changes in excitability of CRF-expressing neurons in the oval part of the BNST (ovBNST^(CRF)...
- Use and experienced effectiveness of non-pharmacological treatments for chronic spinal cord injury related pain in The Netherlands: A cross-sectional surveyby Tim C Crul on 2 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSION: Patients with SCI experiencing pain often use non-pharmacological treatments. Most treatments were described as moderately effective. Research on specific non-pharmacological treatments and different types of pain separately is needed to further determine the effectiveness of non-pharmacological treatments.
- Piriformis syndromeby Julian K Lo on 2 Maggio 2024
Piriformis syndrome is a condition that is proposed to result from compression of the sciatic nerve, either in whole or in part, in the deep gluteal space by the piriformis muscle. The prevalence of piriformis syndrome depends upon the diagnostic criteria being used and the population studied but is estimated by some to be 5%-6% in all cases of low back, buttock, and leg pain and up to 17% of patients with chronic low back pain. While the sciatic nerve may pierce the piriformis muscle in about...
- Novel Utilization of the Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface Technique after Unsuccessful Nerve Release for Bilateral Frontal Migrainesby Brandon Toliver on 1 Maggio 2024
Regenerative peripheral nerve interface (RPNI) is a surgical technique whose indications include preventing or treating painful neuromas after amputation or peripheral nerve injuries. The procedure involves implanting the distal end of a transected peripheral nerve containing sensory fibers into a selected free muscle graft. Although RPNI procedures have primarily been used after limb amputations, select case reports detail the potential for RPNI to mitigate other sources of neuropathic pain,...
- Navigating the complexity of pain in psoriatic arthritis and axial spondyloarthritisby Philip J Mease on 1 Maggio 2024
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Pain is the most common and often most troublesome feature of chronic autoimmune diseases such as psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and axial spondyloarthritis (AxSpA). A predominant concept is that the main source of pain is from disease-induced tissue inflammation and structural damage, activating peripheral nerve fibers which relay to the central nervous system. This mechanism is nociceptive pain and the presumption has been that controlling inflammation will be sufficient to...
- Pharmacotherapy of Chronic Neuropsychiatric Conditions During Pregnancyby Sarah M Westberg on 3 Maggio 2024
Many pregnant persons will experience neuropsychiatric conditions during pregnancy, including migraine, attention deficit disorder, depression, and anxiety. Treatment of each of these conditions requires shared decision-making among the individual, family, and health care team. Although medications may include risk, the benefits often outweigh the potential fetal risks. In this article, we review pharmacologic treatment options for each of these conditions and appropriate use in pregnancy to...
- Interleukin-33 ameliorates perioperative neurocognitive disorders by modulating microglial stateby Di Yang on 3 Maggio 2024
Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) are cognitive dysfunctions that usually occur in elderly patients after anesthesia and surgery. Microglial overactivation is a key underlying mechanism. Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a member of the IL-1 family that orchestrates microglial function. In the present study, we explored how IL-33, which regulates microglia, contributes to cognitive improvement in a male mouse model of PND. An exploratory laparotomy was performed to establish a PND model. The...
- Effects of WeChat-Based Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on Psychological Resilience and Quality of Life Among Patients Undergoing Loose Body Removal Surgeryby Yuncheng Qiu on 3 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSIONS: WeChat-based MBSR emerges as a promising intervention, significantly alleviating depression and anxiety while enhancing the quality of life and psychological resilience in patients undergoing loose body removal surgery, suggesting its potential for widespread clinical application.
- The Application Effect of Evidence-Based Targeted Nursing in Severe Preeclamptic Women and Its Impact on Maternal Psychological Status, Quality of Life, and Maternal-Infant Outcomesby Wei Yan on 3 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSION: Evidence-based targeted nursing intervention in severe preeclamptic women demonstrates significant benefits in improving maternal psychological well-being, quality of life, and maternal-infant outcomes. The intervention effectively reduces depression and anxiety levels, enhances overall quality of life, and reduces the incidence of adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. The use of personalized care plans and enhanced patient education may contribute to these positive outcomes....
- Genetic and phenotypic characterization of Parkinson's disease at the clinic-wide levelby Thomas F Tropea on 3 Maggio 2024
Observational studies in Parkinson's disease (PD) deeply characterize relatively small numbers of participants. The Molecular Integration in Neurological Diagnosis Initiative seeks to characterize molecular and clinical features of every PD patient at the University of Pennsylvania (UPenn). The objectives of this study are to determine the feasibility of genetic characterization in PD and assess clinical features by sex and GBA1/LRRK2 status on a clinic-wide scale. All PD patients with clinical...
- Pilot Study on Therapeutic Horticulture for Chronic Low Back Pain: A Mixed Methods Studyby Sharareh Sharififar on 3 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSION: Patients presenting to an outpatient spine clinic may be receptive to trying TH in conjunction with or in place of conventional medicine to promote health and well-being. The pilot experimental group data suggested that acute TH is enjoyable and may confer the benefits of reducing anxiety and improving spine motion. Future larger studies could use different dose response approaches, explore different TH activity types and involve participants from different geographic locations while...
- The Diagnostic Value of the Modified STdmax/MET Criterion in Treadmill Exercise Electrocardiographic Test for Coronary Artery Disease in an Aged Populationby He Li on 3 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSIONS: The introduction of the novel modified diagnostic criterion, STdmax/MET, significantly enhances the diagnostic value of treadmill EET for detecting CAD in elderly patients. The adoption of this modified criterion could potentially improve clinical outcomes by facilitating more accurate and timely diagnosis of CAD in this high-risk group.
- Effects of WeChat-Based Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on Psychological Resilience and Quality of Life Among Patients Undergoing Loose Body Removal Surgeryby Yuncheng Qiu on 3 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSIONS: WeChat-based MBSR emerges as a promising intervention, significantly alleviating depression and anxiety while enhancing the quality of life and psychological resilience in patients undergoing loose body removal surgery, suggesting its potential for widespread clinical application.
- Genetic and phenotypic characterization of Parkinson's disease at the clinic-wide levelby Thomas F Tropea on 3 Maggio 2024
Observational studies in Parkinson's disease (PD) deeply characterize relatively small numbers of participants. The Molecular Integration in Neurological Diagnosis Initiative seeks to characterize molecular and clinical features of every PD patient at the University of Pennsylvania (UPenn). The objectives of this study are to determine the feasibility of genetic characterization in PD and assess clinical features by sex and GBA1/LRRK2 status on a clinic-wide scale. All PD patients with clinical...
- MicroRNA-135a and MicroRNA-221 in First-Episode and Recurrent Depression: Associations with Serum Markers and Cognitive Impairmentby Zhenzhen Yang on 3 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSION: Patients with depression exhibit cognitive impairment, with recurrent depression associated with more severe impairment. The downregulation of miR-135a and upregulation of miR-221 may play a role in the cognitive impairment process by regulating inflammatory responses. The findings suggest a potential link between microRNA expression and cognitive dysfunction in depression.
- Ketamine-induced prevention of SD-associated late infarct progression in experimental ischemiaby A Zdunczyk on 3 Maggio 2024
Spreading depolarizations (SDs) occur frequently in patients with malignant hemispheric stroke. In animal-based experiments, SDs have been shown to cause secondary neuronal damage and infarct expansion during the initial period of infarct progression. In contrast, the influence of SDs during the delayed period is not well characterized yet. Here, we analyzed the impact of SDs in the delayed phase after cerebral ischemia and the potential protective effect of ketamine. Focal ischemia was induced...
- The role of environmental sensitivity in the mental health of Syrian refugee children: a multi-level analysisby Andrew K May on 3 Maggio 2024
Individuals with high environmental sensitivity have nervous systems that are disproportionately receptive to both the protective and imperilling aspects of the environment, suggesting their mental health is strongly context-dependent. However, there have been few consolidated attempts to examine putative markers of sensitivity, across different levels of analysis, within a single cohort of individuals with high-priority mental health needs. Here, we examine psychological (self-report),...
- Occurrence of hypertension among patients with opioid use disorder in methadone maintenance treatmentby Anat Sason on 4 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSIONS: Weight gain was associated with BP elevation and characterized patients who succeeded in drug abstinence during MMT. Healthy nutrition education at admission to MMT may reduce the incidence of weight gain and HTN, therefore identifying HTN and offering treatment for this highly prevalent life-threatening condition among middle-age and older patients in MMT is recommended.
- Patterns and Factors Associated With Alcohol Misuse Among Young Black Men Who Have Sex With Men in New York Cityby Wenhua Lu on 3 Maggio 2024
Alcohol misuse is a significant health concern among gay, bisexual, same-gender-loving, and other men who have sex with men (MSM). Yet, little is known about the severity and predictors of alcohol misuse among self-reported young Black MSM. This study aimed to identify patterns of and factors associated with alcohol misuse in a sample of young Black MSM living in New York City. Baseline data from a randomized controlled trial aimed at improving the uptake of HIV testing among 250 MSM aged 18 to...
- Predictors of MOUD referral among persons with involvement in the criminal legal systemby Andrew P Bontemps on 3 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSIONS: Data highlight the need for greater connection between referral agencies and MOUD treatment providers, considering factors that may influence referral.
- United States marijuana legalization and opioid mortality trends before and during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemicby Archie Bleyer on 3 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSIONS: During the past decade, marijuana legalization in the US was associated at the jurisdiction level with a greater acceleration in opioid death rate. An even greater increase in opioid mortality occurred in recreational-legalizing jurisdictions with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Marijuana legalization is correlated with worsening of the US opioid epidemic.
- State-level policies and receipt of CDC-informed opioid thresholds among commercially insured new chronic opioid usersby Martin J Calabrese on 3 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSION: States with highly robust PDMPs and medical cannabis dispensaries had lower odds of receiving higher opioid thresholds, while cannabis decriminalization correlated with higher odds of receiving high opioid thresholds.
- Key actors in behavioral health services availability and accessibility research: a scoping review bibliometric analysisby Cole Hooley on 3 Maggio 2024
This bibliometric review aims to identify key actors in the behavioral health services availability/accessibility literature. Coalescing information about these actors could support subsequent research efforts to improve the availability and accessibility of behavioral health services. The authors used a scoping review method and a bibliometric approach. The articles came from Medline, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. Articles were included if they assessed behavioral health service...
- HIV infection affects cocaine dependenceby Jorge Ferreira on 3 Maggio 2024
No abstract
- GMP production of [18F]FE-PE2I on a TRACERLab FX2 N synthesis module, a radiotracer for in vivo PET imaging of the dopamine transportby Mélodie Ferrat on 2 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSION: The protocol reliably provides a sterile and pyrogen-free GMP-compliant product.
- Issues of risky behaviours in university studentsby B Spěváková on 2 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSIONS: The aim of the survey was to determine the prevalence of high-risk addictive and sexual behaviours among university students and possible prevention measures. Salutoprotective factors during increased stress or awareness of social support seem to be of benefit. We assumed a protective effect of higher education, but this survey did not show it. On the contrary, the stress induced by university studies and the pressure on academic performance appeared to be a risk factor. The results...
- A disinhibitory microcircuit of the orbitofrontal cortex mediates cocaine preference in miceby Ziran Huang on 2 Maggio 2024
Both clinical and animal studies showed that the impaired functions of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) underlie the compulsive drug-seeking behavior of drug addiction. However, the functional changes of the microcircuit in the OFC and the underlying molecular mechanisms in drug addiction remain elusive, and little is known for whether microcircuits in the OFC contributed to drug addiction-related behaviors. Utilizing the cocaine-induced conditioned-place preference model, we found that the...
- Cocaine-Induced Acute Extremity Compartment Syndrome: A Rare Case Reportby Qusai Al-Maharmeh on 1 Maggio 2024
There is a dearth of research connecting acute extremities compartment syndrome to cocaine. Here, we present a case of a forty-year-old guy who is actively using cocaine and comes to the emergency room with excruciating right leg pain and swelling. Physical examination revealed substantial tachycardia, lack of dorsalis pedis pulses, stiff and painful calf muscles, and absence of plantar reflexes in the right lower extremities after sleeping on his right leg. A positive urine drug screen for...
- Is there a relationship between abuse of alcohol and illicit drugs seen in hair results?by Fritz Pragst on 30 Aprile 2024
Combined use of alcohol and illicit drugs is a serious health and social problem. In this study, it was examined, whether a relationship between alcohol and drug abuse can be ascertained by comparison of alcohol marker and drug concentrations in hair. In the frame of a social support system for families with parental abuse of illicit drugs, hair samples were analyzed between 2011 and 2022 for methadone, heroin (6-acetylmorphine), cocaine, amphetamine, ecstasy (MDMA), cannabinoids (THC), and the...
- Psychometric Validation of the Gambling Craving Scale in a Treatment-Seeking Sampleby Anthony M Battaglia on 3 Maggio 2024
The Gambling Craving Scale (GACS) is a multifaceted measure of gambling craving. Initial validation work by Young and Wohl (2009) in university student samples showed that the GACS had a three-factor structure capturing dimensions of Desire, Anticipation, and Relief. Despite its potential clinical utility as a measure of craving, the GACS has yet to be validated in people seeking treatment for gambling problems. Accordingly, we examined the psychometric properties in a sample of people (N = 209;...
- Management of acetabular bone loss in revision total hip replacement: a narrative literature reviewby Awadhesh K Pandey on 2 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSIONS: There is no consensus regarding the best option for reconstructing massive acetabular defects. Thorough preoperative workup and planning is an absolute requirement for successful revision THR. While most of the moderate acetabular bone loss can be managed with cementless hemispherical acetabular shells with excellent long-term outcomes, reconstructing massive acetabular bone defects in revision THR remains a challenge. Depending on the size and location of the defect, various...
- Decision-making under conditions of explicit risk and uncertainty in autistic and typically developing adolescents and young adultsby Marie K Krug on 2 Maggio 2024
Adolescence has been characterized as a period of risky and possibly suboptimal decision-making, yet the development of decision-making in autistic adolescents is not well understood. To investigate decision-making in autism, we evaluated performance on 2 computerized tasks capturing decision-making under explicit risk and uncertainty in autistic and non-autistic adolescents/young adults ages 12-22 years. Participants completed the Game of Dice Task (32 IQ-matched participant pairs) to assess...
- Diffusiophoretic Transport of Charged Colloids in Ionic Surfactant Gradients Entirely below versus Entirely above the Critical Micelle Concentrationby Angela Yang on 1 Maggio 2024
When placed in an ionic surfactant gradient, charged colloids will undergo diffusiophoresis at a velocity, u(DP) = M(DP)∇ ln S, where M(DP) is the diffusiophoretic mobility and S is the surfactant concentration. The diffusiophoretic mobility depends in part on the charges and diffusivities of the surfactants and their counterions. Since micellization decreases surfactant diffusivity and alters charge distributions in a surfactant solution, M(DP) of charged colloids in ionic surfactant gradients...
- Avoiding a reproducibility crisis in regulatory toxicology-on the fundamental role of ring trialsby Miriam N Jacobs on 30 Aprile 2024
The ongoing transition from chemical hazard and risk assessment based on animal studies to assessment relying mostly on non-animal data, requires a multitude of novel experimental methods, and this means that guidance on the validation and standardisation of test methods intended for international applicability and acceptance, needs to be updated. These so-called new approach methodologies (NAMs) must be applicable to the chemical regulatory domain and provide reliable data which are relevant to...
- Development of a patient decision aid for children and adolescents following anterior cruciate ligament rupture: an international mixed-methods studyby Andrew R Gamble on 29 Aprile 2024
CONCLUSION: Our patient decision aid is an acceptable tool to help children and adolescents choose an appropriate management option following ACL rupture with their parents and health professionals. A clinical trial evaluating the potential benefit of this tool for children and adolescents considering ACL reconstruction is warranted.
- The ups and downs of self-criticism and disordered eating: Complementing Paranjothy and Wade's (2024) analysis by considering both trait and state perspectivesby Allison C Kelly on 4 Maggio 2024
Paranjothy and Wade's (2024) meta-review reveals that individuals higher in the personality trait of self-criticism consistently experience more disordered eating than those lower in the trait. The clinical implications of this meta-review are important in that they suggest current theoretical models and clinical practices in the field of eating disorders should incorporate a greater focus on self-criticism. Building on this exciting contribution, we highlight conceptual, practical, and...
- Meta-Analytic Review of Temperamental Correlates of the Five-Factor Model and Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology Domainsby Azad Hemmati on 3 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSIONS: A large body of research supports maladaptive variants of all FFM domains and some psychopathological spectra of HiTOP related to the abnormal-range temperaments.
- Alterations in Circadian Rhythms, Sleep, and Physical Activity in COVID-19: Mechanisms, Interventions, and Lessons for the Futureby Sandip Das on 3 Maggio 2024
Although the world is acquitting from the throes of COVID-19 and returning to the regularity of life, its effects on physical and mental health are prominently evident in the post-pandemic era. The pandemic subjected us to inadequate sleep and physical activities, stress, irregular eating patterns, and work hours beyond the regular rest-activity cycle. Thus, perturbing the synchrony of the regular circadian clock functions led to chronic psychiatric and neurological disorders and poor...
- Course of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder: Emergence of overvaluation of shape/weightby P Evelyna Kambanis on 3 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSIONS: Diagnostic crossover from ARFID to another (typically restricting) eating disorder following the development of shape/weight concerns may represent the natural progression of a singular clinical phenomenon. Findings identify potential pathways from ARFID to the development of another eating disorder, highlighting possible clinical targets for preventing this outcome.
- Diabulimia and Type 1 Diabetes: An Unknown and Emerging Problemby Benedetta Rivolta on 2 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSION: T1DM patients need to pay great attention to food quality and quantity; hence, an eating disorder diagnosis may be challenging. Additionally, there are currently no standard screening methods for this purpose. In our experience, an integrated approach is fundamental and may be a valid strategy to face this emerging problem.
- Bridging the Gap: Integrating Awareness of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Into Mental Health Practiceby Lindsay R Standeven on 2 Maggio 2024
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age. Individuals with PCOS report reduced quality of life compared with those without PCOS, with possible contributing factors including infertility, hirsutism, irregular menses, and weight gain. Recent literature also supports increased associations between PCOS and co-occurring psychiatric conditions, particularly depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and eating disorders. It is concerning that...
- Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy-Associated Neurobehavioral Difficulties: Insights from Clinical Practiceby Sam Geuens on 3 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSION: This study underscores the complex behavioral landscape in DMD, highlighting the need for validated screening, assessment and management strategies and collaborative efforts in implementing these. We advocate for international consensus recommendations for screening, assessment and management of neurobehavioral difficulties in DMD to enhance patient care and communication across healthcare settings.
- A Low-Intensity Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Parameter Exploration Study of the Ventral Capsule/Ventral Striatumby Tina Chou on 1 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSIONS: This study began to explore the multidimensional parameter space of an emerging form of noninvasive brain stimulation, tFUS. Our preliminary findings in a small sample suggest that VC/VS tFUS should continue to be investigated for future noninvasive treatment of OCD.
- Towards the correlates of Stressful Life Events as precipitants of OCD: a systematic review and metanalysisby Verônica Hühne on 30 Aprile 2024
No abstract
- Do reconstructive techniques for osteochondritis dissecans of the skeletally mature knee work? A systematic review and meta-analysisby Victor Lu on 30 Aprile 2024
CONCLUSION: Reconstructive techniques used to treat OCD in the skeletally mature knee resulted in significant improvements in clinical and functional outcomes, with a low overall complication rate. Since a younger age leads to a greater improvement in IKDC subjective score and a lower complication rate, surgical intervention should not be delayed, especially in AOCD lesions which are more likely to follow a progressive and unremitting clinical course.
- Efficacy and suitability of adding short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (STPP) to pharmacotherapy in patients with depressive disorders: a systematic reviewby Gabriele Di Salvo on 30 Aprile 2024
CONCLUSIONS: Combining STPP with antidepressants appeared to be helpful both in a short-term and in a long-term perspective. Still, there are few rigorous studies with large samples and further research is needed to identify which subgroups of patients may benefit more from STPP.
- Neurosurgical neuromodulation therapy for psychiatric disordersby Manish Ranjan on 30 Aprile 2024
Psychiatric disorders are among the leading contributors to global disease burden and disability. A significant portion of patients with psychiatric disorders remain treatment-refractory to best available therapy. With insights from the neurocircuitry of psychiatric disorders and extensive experience of neuromodulation with deep brain stimulation (DBS) in movement disorders, DBS is increasingly being considered to modulate the neural network in psychiatric disorders. Currently,...
- Risk of Suicide and Self-Harm Following Gender-Affirmation Surgeryby John J Straub on 3 Maggio 2024
Introduction With the growing acceptance of transgender individuals, the number of gender affirmation surgeries has increased. Transgender individuals face elevated depression rates, leading to an increase in suicide ideation and attempts. This study evaluates the risk of suicide or self-harm associated with gender affirmation procedures. Methods This retrospective study utilized de-identified patient data from the TriNetX (TriNetX, LLC, Cambridge, MA) database, involving 56 United States...
- A population health approach to workplace mental health: rationale, implementation and engagementby Kaylee T Woodard on 3 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSION: Proactive assessment plus access to a Care Concierge facilitates mental healthcare utilization. Several factors influence likelihood to engage in care. A better understanding of these factors may allow for more targeted outreach and improved engagement.
- PTSD, Comorbidities, Gender, and Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in a Large Military Cohortby David S Krantz on 3 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: PTSD and comorbidities are independent risk factors for hypertension and ASVD in younger individuals, and gender and comorbid conditions modify PTSD relationships with hypertension. These findings suggest that CVD preventive interventions address PTSD and medical and behavioral comorbidities.
- Psychometric evaluation of the PCL-5: assessing validity, diagnostic utility, and bifactor structuresby Teodora Georgescu on 3 Maggio 2024
Background: The changes DSM-5 brought to the diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) resulted in revising the most widely used instrument in assessing PTSD, namely the Posttraumatic Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5).Objective: This study examined the psychometric properties of the Romanian version of the PCL-5, tested its diagnostic utility against the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5), and investigated the latent structure of PTSD symptoms through correlated...
- Reply to Zijlstra: Resilience and Stress Are Heterogenic Too, We Should Act Accordinglyby Elie Azoulay on 3 Maggio 2024
No abstract
- Spatiotemporal organization of prefrontal norepinephrine influences neuronal activityby Samira Glaeser-Khan on 3 Maggio 2024
Norepinephrine (NE), a neuromodulator released by locus coeruleus (LC) neurons throughout cortex, influences arousal and learning through extra-synaptic vesicle exocytosis. While NE within cortical regions has been viewed as a homogenous field, recent studies have demonstrated heterogeneous axonal dynamics and advances in GPCR-based fluorescent sensors permit direct observation of the local dynamics of NE at cellular scale. To investigate how the spatiotemporal dynamics of NE release in the...
- Brain compensatory mechanisms in depression and memory complaints in fibromyalgia: The role of theta oscillatory activityby Kevin Pacheco-Barrios on 23 Aprile 2024
CONCLUSION: Depression symptoms seem to be associated with TMS-indexed motor threshold and psychosocial variables, while memory complaints are associated with pain intensity and higher theta oscillations. These mechanisms may be catalyzed and/or triggered by some behavioral and clinical features such as older age, sleep disruption, and anxiety. The correlation with clinical variables suggests the increasing of theta oscillations is a compensatory response in patients with FMS, which can be...
- Effect of neuronavigated repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on pain, cognition and cortical excitability in fibromyalgia syndromeby Vikas Kumar Tiwari on 25 Gennaio 2024
CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation intervention is effective in managing pain alongside cognition and sleep disturbances in patients of fibromyalgia. It may prove to be an important tool in relieving fibromyalgia-associated morbidity.
- TMS in combination with a pain directed intervention for the treatment of fibromyalgia - A randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trialby Einat Tilbor on 27 Dicembre 2023
CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that a course of dTMS combined with a pain-directed psychotherapeutic intervention can alleviate pain symptoms in FMS patients. Beyond clinical possibilities, future studies are needed to substantiate the innovative hypothesis that it is not dTMS alone, but rather dTMS-induced plasticity of pain-related networks, that enables the efficacy of pain-directed psychotherapeutic interventions.
- Motor Cortex Inhibition and Facilitation Correlates with Fibromyalgia Compensatory Mechanisms and Pain: A Cross-Sectional Studyby Kevin Pacheco-Barrios on 28 Giugno 2023
The role of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) measures as biomarkers of fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) phenotypes is still unclear. We aimed to determine the clinical correlates of TMS measures in FMS patients. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis that included 58 patients. We performed standardized TMS assessments, including resting motor threshold (MT), motor-evoked potential (MEP), short intracortical inhibition (SICI), and intracortical facilitation (ICF). Sociodemographic, clinical...
- Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with fibromyalgia. A systematic reviewby Á Conde-Antón on 9 Aprile 2023
CONCLUSIONS: The application of tDCS to the motor cortex is the only intervention shown to decrease pain in the short and medium-term in patients with FM. The application of both interventions showed improvements in PPT, catastrophising and quality of life when applied to the motor cortex, and in fatigue when applied to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The effects of these interventions on anxiety and depression are unclear.
- Non-Invasive Electric and Magnetic Brain Stimulation for the Treatment of Fibromyalgiaby Andrés Molero-Chamizo on 29 Marzo 2023
Although fibromyalgia is defined by its core muscular nociceptive component, it also includes multiple dysfunctions that involve the musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, immune, endocrine, as well as the central and peripheral nervous systems, amongst others. The pathogenic involvement of the nervous system and the numerous neurological and neuroinflammatory symptoms of this disease may benefit from neuromodulatory stimulation techniques that have been shown to be effective and safe in diverse...
- Reversing valproic acid-induced autism-like behaviors through a combination of low-frequency repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticlesby Masoud Afshari on 6 Aprile 2024
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a neurostimulation device used to modulate brain cortex activity. Our objective was to enhance the therapeutic effectiveness of low-frequency repeated TMS (LF-rTMS) in a rat model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) induced by prenatal valproic acid (VPA) exposure through the injection of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). For the induction of ASD, we administered prenatal VPA (600 mg/kg, I.P.) on the 12.5th day of pregnancy. At...
- Perceptions, Experiences, and Patterns of Cannabis Use in Individuals with Mood and Anxiety Disorders in the Context of Cannabis Legalization and Medical Cannabis Program in Canada - A Qualitative Studyby Ankita Das on 11 Marzo 2024
INTRODUCTION: Perceptions of cannabis as a potential medical treatment for mood and anxiety disorders have been increasing in the context of legalizations, availability, and medical cannabis programs, though current evidence predominately indicates risks and negative effects of cannabis use (CU) on mental health outcomes. This study aims to understand motivations, perceptions, effects, and patterns of CU in individuals with mood and anxiety disorders.
- Age-related differences in long-term potentiation-like plasticity and short-latency afferent inhibition and their association with cognitive functionby Qian Lu on 23 Febbraio 2024
CONCLUSIONS: During the normal ageing process, a decline in synaptic plasticity may precede cholinergic system dysfunction. In individuals over 60 years of age, there is a reduction in LTP-like plasticity, while a decline in cholinergic system function is observed in those over 70. Thus, the cholinergic system may play a vital role in preventing cognitive decline during normal ageing. In younger individuals, LTP-like plasticity might represent a potential neurophysiological marker for language...
- Distinct neuronal circuits mediate cortical hyperexcitability in amyotrophic lateral sclerosisby Nathan Pavey on 20 Febbraio 2024
Cortical hyperexcitability is an important pathophysiological mechanism in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), reflecting a complex interaction of inhibitory and facilitatory interneuronal processes that evolves in the degenerating brain. The advances in physiological techniques have made it possible to interrogate progressive changes in the motor cortex. Specifically, the direction of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) stimulus within the primary motor cortex can be utilised to influence...
- Neural correlates of impaired learning and recognition of novel faces in mild cognitive impairmentby Tianjiao Zhang on 18 Febbraio 2024
CONCLUSION: These findings provide neurobehavioral evidence for impaired learning and recognition of unfamiliar faces in individuals with MCI.
- Exploring the potential of combining transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography to investigate mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: a systematic reviewby J D Hall on 15 Febbraio 2024
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and electroencephalography (EEG) are non-invasive techniques used for neuromodulation and recording brain electrical activity, respectively. The integration of TMS-EEG has emerged as a valuable tool for investigating the complex mechanisms involved in age-related disorders, such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). By systematically synthesizing TMS-EEG studies, this review aims to shed light on the neurophysiological mechanisms...
- Melatonin improves maternal sleep deprivation-induced learning and memory impairment, inflammation, and synaptic dysfunction in murine male adult offspringby Yue-Ming Zhang on 4 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicated that Mel could ameliorate learning and memory impairment induced by MSD, and these beneficial effects were related to improvement in inflammation and synaptic dysfunction.
- The dual orexin receptor antagonist suvorexant in alcohol use disorder and comorbid insomnia: A case reportby Erin J Campbell on 3 Maggio 2024
KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: This case suggests using dual orexin receptor antagonists to treat alcohol use disorder and comorbid sleep disorders may be effective, commencing treatment in withdrawal and continuing it to prevent relapse.
- Livestream, group movement program for people living with cognitive impairment and care partners: A randomized clinical trialby Deborah E Barnes on 3 Maggio 2024
INTRODUCTION: There are few widely-available, evidence-based options to support quality of life (QOL) for people living with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.
- Orexins in apoptosis: a dual regulatory roleby Simona Cavalu on 3 Maggio 2024
The orexins, also referred to as hypocretins, are neuropeptides that originate from the lateral hypothalamus (LH) region of the brain. They are composed of two small peptides, orexin-A, and orexin-B, which are broadly distributed throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems. Orexins are recognized to regulate diverse functions, involving energy homeostasis, the sleep-wake cycle, stress responses, and reward-seeking behaviors. Additionally, it is suggested that orexin-A deficiency is...
- PTSD, Comorbidities, Gender, and Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in a Large Military Cohortby David S Krantz on 3 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: PTSD and comorbidities are independent risk factors for hypertension and ASVD in younger individuals, and gender and comorbid conditions modify PTSD relationships with hypertension. These findings suggest that CVD preventive interventions address PTSD and medical and behavioral comorbidities.
- Investigation of the mechanism of action of deep brain stimulation for the treatment of Parkinson's diseaseby Tianhao Zhou on 3 Maggio 2024
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a severe, progressive, neurological disorder. PD is not a single disease, but rather resembles a syndrome. PD includes two types of pathogenesis (i.e., classical PD and new PD). Clinically, PD patients present with a range of motor symptoms including decreased spontaneous movement, bradykinesia, muscle rigidity, changes in speech, and resting tremors. PD patients also often exhibit non-motor symptoms such as fatigue, sleep disorders, and emotional and mental health...
- Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Atogepant Co-administered with Quinidine Gluconate in Healthy Participants: A Phase 1, Open-Label, Drug-Drug Interaction Studyby Ramesh Boinpally on 4 Maggio 2024
Atogepant, an oral calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonist, is approved for the preventive treatment of migraine. Atogepant is a substrate of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), breast cancer resistance protein, organic anion transporting polypeptide transporters, and cytochrome P450 (CYP)3A4 and 2D6. Quinidine is a strong P-gp and CYP2D6 inhibitor. A phase 1 open-label study evaluated the effect of P-gp and CYP2D6 inhibition by quinidine on the pharmacokinetics of atogepant, and the safety and...
- Active Occipital Motion with Digipressure as Preoperative Screening in Migraine Surgeryby Edoardo Raposio on 3 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSIONS: In our experience, the maneuver described, in addition to being very simple, has been shown to have good sensitivity and reproducibility. We therefore recommend its use, especially for those surgeons beginning their practice in this particular area of plastic surgery.
- Exploring the Potential Consortium of Migraine and Periodontitisby Deepa Ponnaiyan on 3 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSIONS: The association between periodontitis and migraine cannot be denied, however, not all the criteria are fulfilled while examining the nature of association and future long-term studies are required to prove the same. Clinical Relevance. Various studies have reported poor periodontal health in patients with migraine. The risk of exacerbation of migraine also increases in subject undergoing dental therapy if the triggering factors are manipulated. Hence, knowing the precise...
- The impact of the migraine treatment onabotulinumtoxinA on inflammatory and pain responses: Insights from an animal modelby Philip Victor Reducha on 3 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSION: Our investigation highlights the role of BoNT/A in reducing baseline CGRP in the context of inflammation and its involvement in SNAP-25 cleavage. In contrast, BoNT/A did not appear to alter facial pain sensitivity induced by inflammation, suggesting that mechanisms other than baseline CGRP could be implicated in the elevated thresholds in the CFA model.
- Prevalence and burden of migraine in the United States: A systematic reviewby Fred Cohen on 3 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSION: The prevalence of migraine in the United States has remained stable over the past three decades while migraine-related disability has increased. The disability trend could reflect changes in reporting, study methodology, social and societal changes, or changes in exacerbating or remediating factors that make migraine more disabling, among other hypotheses. These issues merit further investigation.
- Sequential administration of peripheral nerve blocks and onabotulinumtoxinA for the treatment of chronic migraine and other headache disorders-A retrospective tolerability and safety studyby Christopher C Anderson on 3 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSIONS: In this retrospective chart review, there was no significant difference in adverse events or therapy discontinuation between patients receiving sequential peripheral nerve block(s) and onabotulinumtoxinA injections versus those receiving either peripheral nerve block(s) or onabotulinumtoxinA injections alone. As a result, we concluded that the combination procedure is likely safe and well tolerated in routine clinical practice.
- The ups and downs of self-criticism and disordered eating: Complementing Paranjothy and Wade's (2024) analysis by considering both trait and state perspectivesby Allison C Kelly on 4 Maggio 2024
Paranjothy and Wade's (2024) meta-review reveals that individuals higher in the personality trait of self-criticism consistently experience more disordered eating than those lower in the trait. The clinical implications of this meta-review are important in that they suggest current theoretical models and clinical practices in the field of eating disorders should incorporate a greater focus on self-criticism. Building on this exciting contribution, we highlight conceptual, practical, and...
- Meta-Analytic Review of Temperamental Correlates of the Five-Factor Model and Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology Domainsby Azad Hemmati on 3 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSIONS: A large body of research supports maladaptive variants of all FFM domains and some psychopathological spectra of HiTOP related to the abnormal-range temperaments.
- Alterations in Circadian Rhythms, Sleep, and Physical Activity in COVID-19: Mechanisms, Interventions, and Lessons for the Futureby Sandip Das on 3 Maggio 2024
Although the world is acquitting from the throes of COVID-19 and returning to the regularity of life, its effects on physical and mental health are prominently evident in the post-pandemic era. The pandemic subjected us to inadequate sleep and physical activities, stress, irregular eating patterns, and work hours beyond the regular rest-activity cycle. Thus, perturbing the synchrony of the regular circadian clock functions led to chronic psychiatric and neurological disorders and poor...
- Course of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder: Emergence of overvaluation of shape/weightby P Evelyna Kambanis on 3 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSIONS: Diagnostic crossover from ARFID to another (typically restricting) eating disorder following the development of shape/weight concerns may represent the natural progression of a singular clinical phenomenon. Findings identify potential pathways from ARFID to the development of another eating disorder, highlighting possible clinical targets for preventing this outcome.
- Diabulimia and Type 1 Diabetes: An Unknown and Emerging Problemby Benedetta Rivolta on 2 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSION: T1DM patients need to pay great attention to food quality and quantity; hence, an eating disorder diagnosis may be challenging. Additionally, there are currently no standard screening methods for this purpose. In our experience, an integrated approach is fundamental and may be a valid strategy to face this emerging problem.
- Bridging the Gap: Integrating Awareness of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Into Mental Health Practiceby Lindsay R Standeven on 2 Maggio 2024
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age. Individuals with PCOS report reduced quality of life compared with those without PCOS, with possible contributing factors including infertility, hirsutism, irregular menses, and weight gain. Recent literature also supports increased associations between PCOS and co-occurring psychiatric conditions, particularly depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and eating disorders. It is concerning that...
- Duloxetine and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy with Phone-based Support for the Treatment of Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: Study Protocol of the PRECICE Randomized Control Trialby Dennis C Ang on 3 Maggio 2024
Background: Chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) is the most common, disabling, and costly of all pain conditions. While evidence exists for the efficacy of both duloxetine and web-based cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) as monotherapy, there is a clear need to consider study of treatment components that may complement each other. In addition, given the reported association between patient's adherence and treatment outcomes, strategies are needed to enhance participant's motivation to adopt and...
- Healthcare Students' Perceptions and Attitudes Towards Peers with Autism Spectrum Disordersby Vasiliki Zarokanellou on 3 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSION: The findings of the study indicate that knowledge of an ASD diagnosis leads to greater acceptance and have important implications for future research, disability policy makers, and university support services.
- Changes in the hippocampal level of tau but not beta-amyloid may mediate anxiety-like behavior improvement ensuing from exercise in diabetic female ratsby Kayvan Khoramipour on 3 Maggio 2024
CONCLUSIONS: HIIT could improve anxiety-like behavior at least in part through changes in hippocampal levels of Tau.
- Bridging the Gap: Integrating Awareness of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Into Mental Health Practiceby Lindsay R Standeven on 2 Maggio 2024
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age. Individuals with PCOS report reduced quality of life compared with those without PCOS, with possible contributing factors including infertility, hirsutism, irregular menses, and weight gain. Recent literature also supports increased associations between PCOS and co-occurring psychiatric conditions, particularly depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and eating disorders. It is concerning that...
- Cognitive training interventions for substance use disorders: what they really offer?by Zahra Pazoki on 2 Maggio 2024
Cognitive training (CT) has emerged as a potential therapeutic approach for substance use disorders (SUD), aiming to restore cognitive impairments and potentially improve treatment outcomes. However, despite promising findings, the effectiveness of CT in real-life applications and its impact on SUD symptoms has remained unclear. This perspective article critically examines the existing evidence on CT for SUD and explores the challenges and gaps in implementing CT interventions. It emphasizes the...
- Treating taboo thoughts on a psychiatric intensive care unit: a four-phase mixed methods single case experimental designby Stephen Kellett on 2 Maggio 2024
BACKGROUND: Well-designed evaluations of psychological interventions on psychiatric intensive care units (PICUs) are a rarity.
- Progenitor Cell Function and Cardiovascular Remodelling Induced by SGLT2 Inhibitorsby Theodora M Stougiannou on 29 Aprile 2024
Sodium-glucose cotransporters 2 (SGLT2) are high-capacity, low-affinity transporters, expressed mainly in the early portion of the proximal renal tube, mediating up to 90% of renal glucose uptake, while SGLT1 receptors are found mainly in the small intestine, facilitating glucose absorption. SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) originally emerged as agents for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus; however, they soon demonstrated remarkable cardio- and renoprotective actions that led to their licensed...
- Unlocking Therapeutic Potential: The Role of Theta Burst Stimulation in Multiple Sclerosis Managementby David F Lo on 29 Aprile 2024
Objective: Current therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS) often have limited efficacy and side effects, necessitating alternative approaches. Noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS), such as transcranial direct current stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), offers potential solutions. Among NIBS techniques, theta burst stimulation (TBS) is notable for its ability to modulate cortical activity. The objective of this systematic review is to assess the impact of TBS on MS symptoms.
- Analysis of bihemispheric language function in pediatric neurosurgical patients using repetitive navigated transcranial magnetic stimulationby Tizian Rosenstock on 26 Aprile 2024
CONCLUSIONS: Bihemispheric rnTMS language mapping as a noninvasive mapping technique to assess lateralization of language function in the pediatric neurosurgical population is safe and feasible. Why relevant right hemispheric language function (HDR ≤ 1.1) was associated with postoperative unaltered language function needs to be validated in future studies. Bihemispheric rnTMS language mapping strengthens risk-benefit considerations prior to pediatric tumor/epilepsy surgery in language-associated...
- Local Alpha1-Antitrypsin Accelerates the Healing of Tympanic Membrane Perforation in Miceby Sabri El-Saied on 23 Aprile 2024
CONCLUSION: A local tissue environment rich in AAT promotes early tissue repair in a perforated TM model both macroscopically and molecularly. Studies are underway to examine TM functionality and recombinant AAT formulations for micro-dosing in the format of a single local application.
- Daratumumab-based quadruplet therapy for transplant-eligible newly diagnosed multiple myeloma with high cytogenetic riskby Natalie S Callander on 22 Aprile 2024
In the MASTER study (NCT03224507), daratumumab+carfilzomib/lenalidomide/dexamethasone (D-KRd) demonstrated promising efficacy in transplant-eligible newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). In GRIFFIN (NCT02874742), daratumumab+lenalidomide/bortezomib/dexamethasone (D-RVd) improved outcomes for transplant-eligible NDMM. Here, we present a post hoc analysis of patients with high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities (HRCAs; del[17p], t[4;14], t[14;16], t[14;20], or gain/amp[1q21]). Among 123 D-KRd...
- Enhancing ventrolateral prefrontal cortex activation mitigates social pain and modifies subsequent social attitudes: Insights from TMS and fMRIby Sijin Li on 19 Aprile 2024
Social pain, a multifaceted emotional response triggered by interpersonal rejection or criticism, profoundly impacts mental well-being and social interactions. While prior research has implicated the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (rVLPFC) in mitigating social pain, the precise neural mechanisms and downstream effects on subsequent social attitudes remain elusive. This study employed transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) integrated with fMRI recordings during a social pain task to...
